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Research aims to understand social criticism in a manuscript drama Tik, of Budi Yasin Misbach. The research using qualitative descriptive method, text analysis. The research is literature study and use of drama Tik, of Budi Yasin Misbach as an object research. The study is based on sociology literary criticism social with the theory interpreted used the Hans George Gadamer hermeneutic. The theory of social criticism on this research classified into three aspects, namely the economic aspect, political, and socio-cultural. The results of this analysis it can be concluded that the social criticism most dominating in a manuscript Tik,, like criticism on the political social. The results of this study indicate that the social criticism of the political is more dominant than the social criticism of the socio-cultural and economics in the main character. The political aspects this could happen because most dialogue is in a manuscript Tik,, discusses insinuations against not aligned between successors and civilians. The analysis of the text of the drama are exploring social element of the criticism that is part of the extrinsic element in literary learning. Keywords: social criticism, drama, Tik, , hermeneutic Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kritik sosial dalam naskah drama Tik, karangan budi Yasin Misbach. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, analisis teks. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kepustakaan dan menggunakan naskah drama Tik, karangan Budi Yasin Misbach sebagai objek penelitian. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan kajian sosiologi sastra dengan teori kritik sosial yang ditafsirkan menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutik Hans George Gadamer. Teori kritik sosial pada penelitian ini diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga aspek, yakni aspek ekonomi, politik, dan sosial budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kritik sosial pada aspek politik lebih dominan dibandingkan kritik sosial pada aspek sosial budaya dan ekonomi. Kecenderungan aspek politik ini dapat terjadi karena sebagian besar dialog yang terdapat dalam naskah Tik, membahas mengenai sindiran terhadap ketidakselarasan antara pemegang kekuasaan dan rakyat biasa. Analisis terhadap teks drama tersebut yakni menelaah unsur kritik sosial yang merupakan bagian dari unsur ekstrinsik dalam pembelajaran sastra. Kata kunci: kritik sosial, drama, Tik, , hermeneutik

Agricultural commodities remain the primary source of exports for both developing and developed countries. However, inequity in competitiveness has emerged as a key concern as a result of discrepancies in economies of scale, efficiency, and government protection. The purpose of this study is to assess the competitiveness of main agricultural commodities in a number of developing countries. A semi-systematic review of the literature was employed as an analytical technique. The study's data was gathered from earlier research. The findings suggest that food crop commodities in poor nations have a low level of competitiveness. This is owing to the fact that the agricultural labor force in developing countries is largely comprised of unskilled employees, particularly women who are underpaid. In developing countries, four factors may have an impact on the competitiveness of food crop agricultural commodities. Availability of particular plant resources, technology, external and domestic demand, and domestic commodity and export pricing are just a few of them.

The purpose of this paper is to measure the relationship between vertical integration ratio with three explanation variables: demand growth, concentration industry and cost of input. The result of the study give us information about factors that influence vertical integration so the company and government can take the best policy to increase efficiency.The case study are pulp and paper industry from 1979 up to 1997. The use of such Error Correction Model (ECM) constitutes an effective framework for establishing links between the short and long-run approaches to econometric modeling. The empirical result show that vertical integration is an important step for company to protect their raw material supply and reduce price inefficiency.Keywords: vertical integration is an important step to increase efficiency.

Village fund is state budget allocated to all villages in Indonesia. This fund is used to finance rural administrative government, rural development, rural empowerment and community development. One of the Village Fund Allocation's (Alokasi Dana Desa/ADD's) goals is to reduce poverty and inequality as well as to improve community welfare. Poverty alleviation is a global action under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This research is aimed to analyze the impact of Village Funds on community welfare by employing the intervening variable poverty levels in Central Java Province. Secondary data from 29 districts in Central Java were used in this research. This was a quantitative research which employed Path Analysis Method. The independent variable in this research was Village Fund and the dependent variable was community welfare which utilized poverty as the intervening variable. Based on the Path Analysis Method, this research found that Village Fund had no impact on community welfare in Central Java province. However, through indirect path analysis, it was found that Village Fund had an impact on community welfare in terms of poverty level. This finding showed that Village Fund had a direct impact on reducing poverty level, and the poverty level affected the community welfare in Central Java accordingly.

This is an open access book. Doctoral Program of Economics and Business Faculty, Universitas Sebelas Maret organizes the 2022 International Colloquium on Business and Economics. The conference will be conducted both online and offline (hybrid) in Economic Faculty of UNS, Solo, on September 27-28, 2022. In this conference, 30 papers were selected for international proceedings. Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Sebelas Maret is one of the respectable Business School in Indonesia. In the recent release from the Times Higher Education (THE), the faculty is categorized as Top 10 Economics and Business Faculty among hundreds University in Indonesia. Currently, our faculty have 3 undergraduate degrees, 3 master's degrees, and 1 doctoral degree program and all of them areaccredited with a rank "A".

Although the internet penetration has reached 64.8% of the population (APJII, 2019), yet the digital divide is still a major issue in Indonesia; especially among the poor. This paper aimed to study and to explain the risks of digital governance implementation in the poverty reduction policies; with the study on how the poor obtains and shares public information in the digital governance era as the focal point. The study was conducted in a city in Indonesia that has been awarded with the Smart City Award. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Social Network Analysis. The study found that some of the poor groups are adapting to the digital governance with the help of the social network in their community; and some of them are alienated digitally. They have been at risk of become marginalized both socially and economically. This paper suggested further studies focusing on the information demand among the poor and the use of new communication technology in the poverty reduction policy making that is inclusive.

The purpose of research is to describe the profile of SMEs, evaluate and measure the level of e-commerce readiness ability of SMEs which doing in Indonesia, which starting in Ponorogo. The analytical tool used is an ecometer that serves to measure the level of ecommerce readiness capability for registered and monetize the product that are divided into three stages, basic (level 1 to level 3), medium (level 4 to level 6) and ready (Level 7 to Level 9). By using ecometer is expected to provide basic information about the mapping of potential needs and the use of appropriate e-commerce both tools, process and production in Ponorogo. The results of the evaluation and measurement showed that all samples had not passed the measurement at level 1 to level 3. In addition, no one has passed the middle level 4 to level 6, while the top�level measurement, namely level 7 to level 9 only get a maximum score of 60 percent. This explains that SMEs still needs government intervention both in the use of appropriate intellectual property, as well as supporting indicators such as management to register the product, quality improvement in production, and human resources.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER • THE FOLLOWING ARTICLE ISOPEN ACCESS The potential mapping of the needs of appropriate technology of cattle farm R A Purnomo1, J J Sarungu2, B R Samodro2, T Mulyaningsih2, E Gravitiani2 and A Gunardi2 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 1517, 2019 1st Borobudur International Symposium on Applied Science and Engineering (BIS-ASE) 2019 16 October 2019, Magelang, Indonesia Citation R A Purnomo et al 2020 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1517 012076 DownloadArticle PDF References 77 Total downloads Turn on MathJax Share this article Share this content via email Share on Facebook (opens new window) Share on Twitter (opens new window) Share on Mendeley (opens new window) Article information Abstract The purpose of research "The Potential Mapping of the Needs of Appropriate Technology of Cattle Farm" is to describe the profile of dairy farmers, evaluate and measure the level of technological readiness ability of cattle ranchers which doing in Pudak sub-district, Ponorogo. The analytical tool used is a teknometer that serves to measure the level of technological readiness capability used for the production of milk, meat, skin and feces of the cows that are divided into three stages, basic (level 1 to level 3), medium (level 4 to level 6) and ready (Level 7 to Level 9). By using teknometer is expected to provide basic information about the mapping of potential needs and the use of appropriate technology both tools, process and cow production in Pudak, Ponorogo. The results of the evaluation and measurement of TK2T Cattle Farm in Pudak, Ponorogo showed that all samples had not passed the measurement at level 1 to level 3. In addition, no one has passed the middle level 4 to level 6, while the top-level measurement, Namely level 7 to level 9 only get a maximum score of 60 percent. This explains that milk and meat production in Pudak still needs government intervention both in the use of appropriate technology, as well as supporting ...