Suchergebnisse

Abstract
The paper argues that vaccines could be viewed as artifacts which communicate various social messages and are used as instruments for fulfilling different sociopolitical goals besides meeting public health needs. It further suggests that such social, cultural and political influences may have real effects on the choices of vaccine technologies or vaccine production, and aims to demonstrate their importance in the area which is normally seen as the domain of objective science. This is demonstrated by using the example of the locally produced oral polio vaccine (OPV) in Serbia during the socialist and post-socialist periods in the country's history.

In recent years, Southeastern European region (the Balkans) has seen a rise in vaccine skepticism due to increasing conflicts between the pro– and antivaccination stances, primarily with respect to childhood vaccines. Although vaccination controversies are generally perceived as a global trend, their framings are predominantly grounded in particular social, cultural, political and economic contexts. This paper will focus on the immunization issues raised in the post-socialist context of one particular Balkan state – Serbia. By juxtaposing the medical profession's framing of vaccine skepticism with the lay framings of vaccines and immunization, I will examine their contrasting perspectives and point to the sources of their misunderstanding. These opposing views will also be contextualized against their respective political, economic, socio-cultural and historical backgrounds. The paper will hence suggest the possible determinants of vaccine skepticism in the context of post-socialist Serbia.

The paper demonstrates interconnection and role of certain social, political and cultural factors in 1972 Yugoslavian smallpox outbreak. It focuses on a cultural concept of time, denoted as temporal distance, and discontinuity between pre-socialist and socialist period in Yugoslavian history, as determinants that shaped the understanding of smallpox, risk perception and behavior with regard to the disease. The argument is that those two factors caused forgetting and disregarding of smallpox and thereby contributed to its abrupt distribution in the beginning of the outbreak. In the end are considered contemporary epidemiological implications of the reasoning that relies on the cultural notions of temporal distance and discontinuity. ; Рад показује повезаност и улогу одређених друштвених, политичких и културних фактора у избијању епидемије великих богиња у Југославији 1972. године. Како је акценат првенствено стављен на биокултурни аспект ове епидемије, теоријски приступ је постављен у оквире културне епидемиологије. Тумачење је усмерено на темпоралну удаљеност, као културну концептуализацију времена, и на перцепцију дисконтинуитета између два социо-политичка система, оличена у предсоцијалистичкој и социјалистичкој Југославији. Аргументује се да су ова два фактора утицала на формирање значења која су приписивана великим богињама, перцепцију ризика и понашање по питању ове болести, што је заједно узроковало њено заборављање и занемаривање, те допринело њеном наглом ширењу у почетку епидемије. У социо-културном погледу, ова епидемија разоткрила је занимљиве односе између идеологије, социјалне структуре и схватања о неподложности обољењу. На крају су размотрене савремене епидемиолошке импликације резоновања које се ослања на културне концептуализације темпоралне удаљености и дисконтинуитета. ; Тема броја – Антропологија државе (ур. Марина Симић и МилошНичић) / Topic of the Issue – Anthropology of the State (eds. Marina Simić and Miloš Ničić)

Постсоцијалистичка трансформација у Србији је, као носилац многобројних и разноврсних промена и новина, утицала и на појаву посебних категорија губитника и добитника транзиције. Параметри на основу којих су ове категорије препознате пружају могућност идентификације припадника овог друштва са једном од њих. У овом раду се представљају аналитички појмови који су погодни за разматрање дате идентификације, као и проблеми који се том приликом могу јавити, а који указују на комплексност овог феномена. Категорије губитника и добитника транзиције постоје онолико дуго колико траје и сам процес друштвене трансформације, што значи да су ефемерне. Ипак, то не значи и да су ирелевантне, с обзиром на то да представљају свест о себи, као и о другоме, у једном временском периоду који карактеришу важна социјална, економска, политичка и културна превирања. ; Post-socialist transformation in Serbia has introduced various changes and novelties including a formation of special categories of losers and winners of transition. The parameters defining these categories allow a possibility of identification with either one within the society. This paper presents analytical terms appropriate for discussing the given identification, as well as problems associated with it, further pointing out to the complexity of this issue. The categories of losers and winners of transition are ever-lasting, accompanying a process of social transformation itself. This however does not imply they are irrelevant considering they represent a sense of self and others in time characterized by important economic, political and cultural turbulences.

Nuestra intención en este estudio es examinar de qué modo el nuevo fenómeno social y la orientación de valores, que ha sido consecuencia el proceso de transición(desde 1989 hasta hoy), están reflejados en la producción televisiva de series (telenovelas) domésticas en la sociedad serbia. En cuanto a la particularidad de la transformaciónpost-socialista que se ha desarrollado en dos fases en la sociedad serbia, se han escogidodos series televisivas para este análisis: Srećni ljudi (La Gente Afortunada) y Mile protivtranzicije (Milo vs. la transición). La primera pertenece al período de la primera transición(1989-2000), mientras la segunda se puede situar en el contexto de la llamada segundatransición (2000 - actualidad). La primera serie describe el inicio de la transformaciónsocial y económica, es decir, el colapso de las empresas públicas y estatales, la señalizaciónde su privatización y la aparición de los empresarios privados. La segunda, por otra parte,realiza una parodia de la extensa aglomeración de determinadas relaciones políticas y sociales que han cambiado y de los valores que representan los indicadores de la transición(establecimiento de la democracia liberal, la corrección política, la multiplicación de lasONG, la integración en la UE). La razón principal por la que se han escogido estas seriesde TV para el análisis es el hecho de que describen diversos aspectos de diferentes fases delperíodo completo de la transformación post-socialista. Enfocándonos en esto, creemosque podemos analizar cómo se reflejan y se presentan las consecuencias dominantes dediferentes fases de la transición en uno de los medios de comunicación más importantesde la cultura popular actual.

This study aims to examine how the new social phenomenon and value orientation, which has been a result of the transition process (from 1989-to present), are reflected in the Serbian TV series production. As the particularity of the post-socialist transformation has been developed in two phases in Serbian society, we have chosen two televisionseries for this analysis: Srećni ljudi (Lucky People) and Mile protiv tranzicije (Milo Vs.Transition). The first one belongs to the first transition period (1989-2000), while thesecond can be placed in the context of the so-called second transition (2000 – to present).The first case describes the beginning of the social and economic transformation, thatmeans the collapse of public enterprises and state signaling its privatization and the emergence of private employers. On the other hand, the second case makes a parody of howthe extensive conglomeration of certain political and social relations have changed andthe values that represent the transition indicators (establishment of liberal democracy, political correctness, the multiplication of NGOs , integration into the EU). We decided toanalyze TV series becuse them describe several different phases of the entire period of thepost-Socialist transformation. Focusing on this, we believe that we can analyze how theyreflect and presents the key consequences of different phases of the transition in one of themost important media of popular culture today. ; Nuestra intención en este estudio es examinar de qué modo el nuevo fenómeno social y la orientación de valores, que ha sido consecuencia el proceso de transición(desde 1989 hasta hoy), están reflejados en la producción televisiva de series (telenovelas) domésticas en la sociedad serbia. En cuanto a la particularidad de la transformaciónpost-socialista que se ha desarrollado en dos fases en la sociedad serbia, se han escogidodos series televisivas para este análisis: Srećni ljudi (La Gente Afortunada) y Mile protivtranzicije (Milo vs. la transición). La primera pertenece al ...

In the Republic of Serbia, education reforms have been implemented since 2000 with the aim of harmonizing this important field of society with the so-called European Education Area. The whole range of changes lawfully adopted and applied in practice at all levels of institutionalized education is mainly directed towards the standardization and unification of "domestic" education with the educational paradigms of a neoliberal society. Maintaining the continuity of cultural development and the formation of cultural identity are important issues for overall social development, and they are not given proper attention in the education strategy. In addition to that, the institutional preparation of future teachers does not sufficiently focus on this issue.In this paper we consider: (1) the normative framework that regulates the field of primary education and the formation of cultural identity in the Republic of Serbia, (2) the factors influencing the process of training future teachers for the formation of cultural identity and (3) the teachers' competencies as a support to the formation of the cultural identity of younger school-age children.The importance of the harmonization of the basic guidelines of the normative framework regulating primary education and the formation of cultural identity with the basic intentions of preparing future teachers is emphasized. Especially from the perspective of the role of teachers in the process of establishing and preserving the cultural identity of generations reaching compulsory primary education in the context of intergenerational transmission of culture, cultural patterns and values. At the same time, the paper emphasizes the insufficient presence of content in the education of future teachers that would adequately prepare them for understanding the complex problem of forming a cultural identity.The authors point out the importance of the groundedness of future teachers' preparation in terms of their academic knowledge of society, history and culture. The aim of the paper is to emphasize the importance of developing teachers' competencies necessary for understanding identity issues and forming a cultural identity.The paper employs the descriptive-analytical method.

The topic of this study was the research of the connection between the active participation of primary school students in school sport clubs and their relation towards school violence. The goal of this study was to determine the level of connection between the participation of students in school clubs, their exposure to violence in school and reaction to violence. In this study we start from the supposition that the participation of primary school students in school sport clubs is predominantly connected with the diminishing of their exposure to the violence in school and their readiness to help students who suffer from violence. In this research we applied the descriptive-analytical method and survey as research techniques. The research was realized in the first term of 2015/2016 school year and it included 236 students in the seventh and eighth grade of primary school "Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj" in Svilajnac. In this work, a special instrument was applied prepared only for this research -the survey about the connection of school sport clubs and violence at school. In the quantitative analysis of the data the following was applied: the percentage expression of frequencies and Pearson's hi-square test (χ2) for testing the hypothesis about the significance of the differences. The main results of this research showed that most non-sport students have no affirmative attitude towards inclusion school sport clubs, (b) students who are involved in school sport activities are less exposed to violence in school and they are more ready to help those students who are more exposed to violence.