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In general, Islamic scholars have the same spirit in addressing the occurrence of divorce, namely the desire to make divorce difficult. However, on the other hand, there appears to be an inconsistency in this matter, where when reading fiqh books in a Sunni environment it seems that they facilitate divorce. As in the case of divorce testimony, Sunni ulama legalize the fall of divorce without witnesses, while among Shia clerics, they make divorce more difficult by requiring two fair witnesses to the legality of a divorce. This article aims to compare the two different views of Sunni and Shia scholars regarding divorce testimony in order to determine a stronger and more beneficial opinion. The result of the research proves that the arguments of the Shia ulama which oblige two witnesses to validate divorce are stronger and more beneficial. This opinion also makes it more difficult for the possibility of divorce to fall, and in its development, it is used in the legislation of Muslim countries by requiring divorce in front of a court session where at least two witnesses are certain to witness.

In general, Islamic scholars have the same spirit in addressing the occurrence of divorce, namely the desire to make divorce difficult. However, on the other hand, there appears to be an inconsistency in this matter, where when reading fiqh books in a Sunni environment it seems that they facilitate divorce. As in the case of divorce testimony, Sunni ulama legalize the fall of divorce without witnesses, while among Shia clerics, they make divorce more difficult by requiring two fair witnesses to the legality of a divorce. This article aims to compare the two different views of Sunni and Shia scholars regarding divorce testimony in order to determine a stronger and more beneficial opinion. The result of the research proves that the arguments of the Shia ulama which oblige two witnesses to validate divorce are stronger and more beneficial. This opinion also makes it more difficult for the possibility of divorce to fall, and in its development, it is used in the legislation of Muslim countries by requiring divorce in front of a court session where at least two witnesses are certain to witness.

Zakah of profession is one source of zakat which began intensively conducted by the government through BAZNAS and Islamic mass organizations in Indonesia recently. Nevertheless, a group of scholars and Islamic mass organizations apparently still has not fully accepted the obligation of this zakah. With other languages,zakah profession still has proponents and opponents. Supporters of zakah of profession consists of MUI, Government, NU, Muhammadiyah, Hidayatullah and others. While that does not agree generally from among those who oriented toward Saudi clerics, Salami, Persis and others. This paper discusses the proposition and the arguments of each group. In the analysis the authors, the arguments for zakat profession more rajah (strong) and assured and more meet maqashid ash-Shariah.

Zakah of profession is one source of zakat which began intensively conducted by the government through BAZNAS and Islamic mass organizations in Indonesia recently. Nevertheless, a group of scholars and Islamic mass organizations apparently still has not fully accepted the obligation of this zakah. With other languages,zakah profession still has proponents and opponents. Supporters of zakah of profession consists of MUI, Government, NU, Muhammadiyah, Hidayatullah and others. While that does not agree generally from among those who oriented toward Saudi clerics, Salami, Persis and others. This paper discusses the proposition and the arguments of each group. In the analysis the authors, the arguments for zakat profession more rajah (strong) and assured and more meet maqashid ash-Shariah.

The government defined some norms on doing polygamy considering its negative effects. One of the requirements is a license for doing polygamy from the Religious Court. This letter of permission contains some benefits for the family especially protecting the right of the children and the wife.

The government defined some norms on doing polygamy considering its negative effects. One of the requirements is a license for doing polygamy from the Religious Court. This letter of permission contains some benefits for the family especially protecting the right of the children and the wife.

This paper aims to explain dharar as a reason for divorce in the legislation of five Muslim countries, namely Indonesia, Bahrain, Sudan, Qatar, and Morocco. The five countries were chosen with consideration of representing the Sunni Islamic School and one Shia Islamic School. The approach used is a normative approach combined with a comparative method of the law. Primary legal materials are acts and other legislation relevant to the topic of discussion. The results show that the five countries equally provide room for divorce for the wife if she is experiencing dharar, the judge or hakam is obliged to reconcile the two disputing spouses, dharar includes physical and psychological, and the accusation must be proven using evidence generally applicable in procedural law. As for the difference, only Indonesia emphasizes cruelty and physical abuse, while other countries are general. Morocco is the most complete in regulating dharar as a reason for divorce and has several specifics such as violating the marriage agreement which is categorized as dharar. Morocco also regulates compensation due to ḍarar suffered by the wife, while the other four countries do not discuss it in their family law.TRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//