Suchergebnisse

Abstract Cognitive radio (CR) was coined to address evolving user needs two decades ago. Since then, it also has been considered a way to mitigate perceived spectrum scarcity in various application areas. In this article, the status of military CR research is assessed through a systematic literature review of 193 articles, from 2013 to 2020, using IEEE thematic topics, technology readiness levels, as well as comprehensive capability meta-model as analytical frameworks. The annual distribution of military CR research indicates continuing interest. The military CR research seems to be prolific on topics like waveform design and security, not forgetting a steady interest in CR networking topics. Significantly low numbers of papers address applications, services, and standardization. In general, military CR research seemed sporadic and scattered. Our data suggest that a transition from individual techniques, component-level subsystem research in the direction of systems engineering approach, and system-level studies has not yet happened, and the overall TRLs remain low. The absence of publicly articulated comprehensive treatment of the notion of military cognitive radio system is graphic and has led to disjointed, scattered research at the subsystem level.

Abstract Recent transition from mobile telephony to daily consumption of mobile data presents the challenge of adequate spectrum availability. Besides regulators and operators, this challenge faces both public safety authorities and military as well. This paper investigates how selected spectrum sharing concepts (namely, European Licensed Shared Access (LSA) and US Citizens Broadband Service (CBRS)) support the military interests either as a Primary User (PU) or as a Secondary User (SU) and whether these concepts facilitate temporal adjustments of national defence from peace time mode of operations to hybrid warfare or to large scale homeland defence. In this paper we have shown that military spectrum needs vary from one scenario to another and that Shared Spectrum Access may support expected needs of spectrum in times of most dire stress. Both of the concepts reviewed have built in dynamism, which however does not support PU-SU role changes across tiers.

Abstract In the absence of real-life implementations, this paper attempts to conceptually capture potential benefits and improvements that Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN) could introduce to a military environment. Functional business capability areas, as well as a system model, are used to frame analysis. Military CRNs improve reliability and availability of information flows. These may lead to improved information sharing and situation awareness and eventually to wider adoption of mission command and self-synchronization. However, fundamental capacity benefits of the CRNs remain a research topic. The requirement of computer-aided planning, preparation and simulation environment in support of deployed CRNs could also serve as a research and development platform for a Cognitive Radio System development activity as a collaborative international effort.

Abstract Cognitive Radio (CR) was designed to support flexible spectrum usage by adding spectrum sensing facilities and decision making logic to the radio devices. Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) is an extension of the CR concept to enable holistic end-to-end optimization of the network operation and services. We discuss CRN management issues in the context of military and tactical operation environments, where the key feature is the temporal nature of the network installations. Our special interest is in the wireless ad hoc network solutions. The network lifetime may extend from just hours to several days. The limited lifetime of the networks makes it both possible and necessary to define the management functionalities with respect to different mission phases. Traditional FCAPS (Fault, Configuration, Administration, Performance, and Security) functions and their required actions are therefore detailed to some level at each operational phase (before, during and after mission). We will emerge the idea that, as the cognitive and autonomous technologies will be developed to operate communication networks and become trustworthy enough to be applied also in tactical context, they will most likely first be applied in the during mission phase. Of course, this phase is also the most critical in the sense that it is here that lives are at stake. To answer this critical issue, the policy management must be seen as an equally critical functionality. It is necessary to develop the interconnection between mission goals and defined policies so that the Cognitive Network Engine (CNE) determining the operational parameters of the network, in all situations provides a reliable and failsafe communication solution to be utilized.