Suchergebnisse

Local governments in Georgia are empowered to levy a 1 percent local option sales tax (LOST), approved by referendum at the county level and is distributed to the county and qualified municipal governments (The terms city and municipality are used interchangeably throughout this article, per OCGA 36.30.1.). Distribution shares are not based on a strict formula but rather are renegotiated at certain trigger points, including the decennial census. Using a multiple regression model, this research analyzes contextual and management factors, finding the strongest predictors of increased LOST revenue share by cities to be designation as county seat, fewer fellow municipalities, and higher reliance on LOST in the city's total revenue stream. Adapted from the source document.

Local governments in Georgia are empowered to levy a 1 percent local option sales tax (LOST), approved by referendum at the county level and is distributed to the county and qualified municipal governments (The terms city and municipality are used interchangeably throughout this article, per OCGA 36.30.1.). Distribution shares are not based on a strict formula but rather are renegotiated at certain trigger points, including the decennial census. Using a multiple regression model, this research analyzes contextual and management factors, finding the strongest predictors of increased LOST revenue share by cities to be designation as county seat, fewer fellow municipalities, and higher reliance on LOST in the city's total revenue stream.

ObjectivesMandatory fees in American's public universities and colleges are ubiquitous. While many of these fees provide for essential university functions, others provide particularized benefits for small groups of students. Despite importance of the topic, we know very little about how universities assess fees.MethodsIn this article, we catalog every university fee at every U.S. public college and university during academic year 2014–2015 and conduct multivariate analysis to determine the conditions under which institutions assess more and higher fees.ResultsWe discover considerable disparity in how fees are assessed. Both university characteristics and state policy affect the amount of fees that colleges and universities assess.ConclusionsThe heterogeneous assessment of university fees raises important questions about equity and responsiveness of public institutions.

Do government employees have more confidence in government than their counterparts in other sectors? The public service motivation (PSM) literature suggests that they should, but this assertion has never been tested. In this paper, we examine how public servants feel about the federal government and compare these feelings with those of employees in other sectors. Although we find that public servants hold some parts of government in higher regard than their counterparts, this finding does not apply to every branch of government. The patterns of confidence in institutions we find among America's public servants suggest that there is a limit to PSM.

ABSTRACTExperiential learning is a growing practice in higher education today. Master of Public Administration (MPA) programs use experiential learning to expose students to application and reinforcement of academic theories and concepts. This most often is accomplished through a required internship. This article argues for the addition of service learning requirements to MPA curricula. A complementary relationship between internship and service learning requirements yields four primary benefits: (1) further involvement of pre-service and in-service students in experiential-learning activities; (2) additional exposure to real-life application of course concepts; (3) better and more targeted classroom reinforcement mechanisms; and (4) additional community benefit. Complementarity between internship and service learning requirements allows the best of each experiential-learning approach to augment the other. We contend that this produces better-prepared MPA graduates by exposing them to a more diverse set of immersive learning opportunities and application scenarios.

The authors examine the extent to which there are geographical variations in transport costs for manufacturing firms in Great Britain. A new methodology is adopted which provides important new insights and which avoids many of the limitations of earlier work. The research presents a new index of transport accessibility for different types of industry by a thirty area disaggregation in Great Britain and translates the accessibility measure into an index of economic cost using up-to-date information provided by the Road Hauliers Association. Overall the research gives some support to the findings of earlier work on the size of variations in transport costs at the level of standard region in Great Britain, but finds significant sub-regional variation.

We developed pledges that capitalized on several self-related properties (e.g., freedom of choice, actual-ought self-discrepancies, foot-in-door technique) and manipulated two experimental factors: pledge beneficiary and pledge audience. In two studies, participants received a recycling pledge based on a random assignment in a 2 (Beneficiaries: Nature vs. Self) × 2 (Audience: Ingroup vs. Outgroup) design. Afterwards, we assessed their pro-environmental beliefs and provided them with a behavioral opportunity to support conservation (i.e., recycling debriefing forms in Study 1, writing letters to congresspeople regarding an environmental policy in Study 2). In both studies, an interaction between beneficiaries and audience was observed, showing that a recycling pledge framed as benefitting nature and sponsored by a social ingroup led to more progressive environmental beliefs. In Study 2, individuals in the same condition (i.e., the nature-ingroup pledge) wrote more persuasive letters (longer and more sophisticated letters) supporting pro-environmental legislation. Implications for constructing effective pledges and for leveraging the self to promote pro-environmental action are discussed.