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Abstract
Venus, a play written by Suzan-Lori Parks, employs unconventional theatrical approaches in retelling the history of a 19th-century freak show attraction. This study examines how the critique of gender bias and sexual manipulations in Venus is explored and projected in ways that can be described as postmodern. Through the subversion of conventional forms and language, the blending of fact and fiction, the pastiches of both low and high generic and linguistic presentations, the liberating of a marginalized voice, and the revision of the philosophical premises that subordinate the female to the male order, the play questions the masculine determinacy inherent in social institutions and traditions and invites a conscious reconsideration of default meaning and truth.

This paper highlights the limitations and applicability of results developed by Chao & Nahata (2015) for nonlinear pricing. Although Chao and Nahata appear to provide necessary and sufficient conditions for general utility functions, we show that one of their results leads only to a restatement of two constraints, and another result may not be valid when consumers can freely dispose of the good. Their model allows for the possibility that higher quantities will have a lower price than smaller quantities. We provide conditions under free disposal that preclude this anomaly. Our analysis suggests that further research on violations of the single-crossing condition should be encouraged.

Throughout the history and even prehistory of humankind, efforts have been made to improve health, including the treatment and cure of disease and wounds. These efforts have led to a variety of beliefs and approaches to healthcare, involving a variety of different paradigms. If we examine a representative sampling of these approaches, we can see radical differences in theory and practice. Perhaps inevitably, practitioners of one school of thought have disagreed—sometimes in the extreme—with each other. Scientists, and especially their cheerleaders, have often been guilty of worshiping their own limited views of "science", an attitude that harms both science and society. Remembering the history of healthcare gives us some background against which to view the current social antipathy among groups having different opinions concerning the Covid pandemic. Greater understanding coupled with humility offers us an opportunity to end the antipathy.