Introduction: Land and property rights
In: Journal of development economics, Band 110, S. 170
ISSN: 0304-3878
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In: Journal of development economics, Band 110, S. 170
ISSN: 0304-3878
In: Journal of development economics, Band 110, S. 170-344
ISSN: 0304-3878
World Affairs Online
In: American economic review, Band 93, Heft 2, S. 107-111
ISSN: 1944-7981
Child labor exists because it is the best response people can find in intolerable circumstances. Poverty and child labor are mutually reinforcing: because their parents are poor, children must work and not attend school, and then grow up poor. Child labor has two important special features. First, when financial markets are imperfect, the separation in time between the immediate benefits and longdelayed costs of sending children to work lead to too much child labor. Second, the costs and benefits of child labor are borne by different people. Targeted subsidies for school attendance are very effective in reducing child labor because they successfully address both of these problems.
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In: Journal of political economy, Band 104, Heft 5, S. 1010-1046
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: Journal of political economy, Band 104, Heft 5, S. 1010
ISSN: 0022-3808
In: Journal of political economy, Band 129, Heft 1, S. 1-80
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: NBER Working Paper No. w25440
SSRN
Working paper
In: American economic review, Band 100, Heft 2, S. 130-134
ISSN: 1944-7981
In: Journal of political economy, Band 116, Heft 6, S. 981-1022
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: Journal of development economics, Band 79, Heft 2, S. 413-446
ISSN: 0304-3878
In: American economic review, Band 96, Heft 2, S. 388-393
ISSN: 1944-7981
In this paper we argue the case for greater exploitation of synergies between research on specific institutions based on micro-data and the big questions posed by the institutions and growth literature. To date, the macroeconomic literature on institutions and growth has largely relied on cross-country regression evidence. This has provided compelling evidence for a causal link between a cluster of 'good' institutions and more rapid long run growth. However, an inability to disentangle the effects of specific institutional channels on growth or to understand the impact of institutional change on growth will limit further progress using a cross-country empirical strategy. We suggest two research programs based on micro-data that have significant potential. The first uses policy-induced variation in specific institutions within countries to understand how these institutions influence economic activity. The second exploits the fact that the incentives provided by a given institutional context often vary with individuals' economic and political status. This can help us better understand how institutional change arises in response to changing economic and demographic pressures.
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We examine the impact of ambiguous and contested land rights on investment and productivity in agricultural in Akwapim, Ghana. We show that individuals who hold powerful positions in a local political hierarchy have more secure tenure rights, and that as a consequence they invest more in land fertility and have substantially higher output. The intensity of investments on different plots cultivated by a given individual correspond to that individual's security of tenure over those specific plots, and in turn to the individual`s position in the political hierarchy relevant to those specific plots. We interpret these results in the context of a simple model of the political allocation of land rights in local matrilineages.
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