Suchergebnisse

Soviet archives; Chile; 1960s; Politics

The article analyzes the Communist Exile during the Chilean Military Dictatorship as a particular multiclass case of contemporary political Exile, with a high Level of organizational capacity, raising the importance of its interaction with late "real socialism" for the evolution of PCCh political culture and changes in its political line. For this, the article is based on internal PCCh archive, as well as Soviet and GDR archives. ; Se analiza el exilio comunista durante la dictadura militar chilena como un caso particular del exilio político contemporáneo, de carácter policlasista y alto nivel de organicidad. Partiendo de la documentación del archivo interno del Partido Comunista Chileno en el exterior, así como archivos de la ex RDA y la URSS y entrevistas, se plantea la importancia de la interacción con los socialismos reales tardíos en la evolución de la cultura política del PCCh y los cambios en su línea política. ; Analisamos o exílio comunista durante a ditadura militar chilena como um caso particular de exílio político contemporâneo, de caráter multiclassista e de alta organicidade. Baseado em documentos do arquivo interno do Partido Comunista Chileno no exterior, assim como dos arquivos da antiga RDA, da URSS e entrevistas, discutimos a importância da interação com os socialismos reais tardios na evolução da cultura política do PCCH e as mudanças na sua linha política.

Based on Chilean, Soviet, American, and Italian declassified documents, this article examines a particular case in the global Cold War: the only international exchange of political prisoners during that period, involving the general secretary of the Chilean Communist Party Luis Corvalan and Soviet dissident Vladimir Bukovsky. It emphasises the intersecting agendas, purposes, and consequences of multiple state and non-state actors in this episode: from the governments of Chile, the US, and the USSR, to the Chilean Communist Party, the Soviet dissident movement, and finally to the European communist parties, Cuba, international solidarity, and human rights movements. Adapted from the source document.

This article proceeds from the understanding of populism as a form of government &/or of political leadership, as a strategy to hold power &/or to come into power. The key to populism is the direct relation between the leader (governor or aspirant to governor) & the governed (or potentially governed) over the intermediate groups ("political class," party system, ideological & cultural movements, etc). Hence, we assert that the "narodniki" movement in Russia of the 19th century, adduced in many texts as a pioneer of populism, did not have a populist character. In contrast, the numerous populist experiences in Russia, from Ivan the Terrible to Vladimir Putin, have been situated on the intersection between the governor, the intermediate sectors, & the governed. 15 References. Adapted from the source document.

With the departure of Soviet troops from Afghanistan and the end of the Cold War, Central Asia ceased to be an attraction for international analysts. However, in the 1990s important processes have been maturing in this remote continental area of Eurasia: the emergence of new independent states instead of the former Soviet republics, each with its own particularities and motivations for international action. This has changed the Central Asian balance of forces. The infighting in Afghanistan after the withdrawal from the Soviet Union has taken on a new character. The enormous still unexploited resources of oil and natural gas that the region possesses increase its importance for the world politics and economy of the 21st century, starting from now on the fight for energy sources and export channels. The oil variable is configured as the main axis of the Central Asian conflict. ; Con la salida de las tropas soviéticas de Afganistán y el fin dela Guerra Fría, Asia Central dejó de ser un atractivo para los analistas internacionales. Sin embargo, en los noventa vienen madurando importantes procesos en esta alejada zona continental de Eurasia: surgimiento de los nuevos estados independientes en lugar de las ex repúblicas soviéticas, cada uno con sus particularidades y motivaciones de acción internacional. Esto ha cambiado el balance de fuerzas centroasiático. La lucha interna en Afganistán tras la retirada de la Unión Soviética ha adquirido un nuevo carácter. Los enormes recursos aún no explotados de petróleo y gas natural que posee la región acrecientan su importancia para la política y economía mundiales del siglo XXI, comenzando desde ya la lucha por las fuentes de energía y canales de su exportación. La variable del petróleo se configura como el eje principal del conflicto centroasiático.

The Christian Democratic Party has been a key piece in the more general insertion of Chilean politics in the great political-ideological trends that dominated the second half of the 20th century. During the past century, relations between external and Chilean political actors were framed in the context of great processes and dilemmas of global relevance: the Cold War and the more general competition between holistic social projects, the emerging concern for human rights, the experience of post-dictatorial transitions in Southern Europe, among others. These external actors played a very relevant role in promoting the political exit strategy from the Chilean dictatorship which, by converging with internal factors, had an important impact in determining the guidelines of the transition. Local political actors, such as the PDC, far from being pieces in the hands of external referents, played a leading role, using their international networks to consolidate and consolidate their political project. Unlike other works that have addressed the international dimension of the transition, the focus of this book is not the economic or the ideological aspects, but rather the political centrality of an actor, the Christian Democratic Party, and the capacity that it it had to consolidate at the international level its position of reference for the return to democracy in Chile.

Compiling dedicated to various aspects of the history of the Communist Party of Chile in its history in the 20th century

The Christian Democratic Party has been a key piece in the more general insertion of Chilean politics in the great political-ideological trends that dominated the second half of the 20th century. During the past century, relations between external and Chilean political actors were framed in the context of great processes and dilemmas of global relevance: the Cold War and the more general competition between holistic social projects, the emerging concern for human rights, the experience of post-dictatorial transitions in Southern Europe, among others. These external actors played a very relevant role in promoting the political exit strategy from the Chilean dictatorship which, by converging with internal factors, had an important impact in determining the guidelines of the transition. Local political actors, such as the PDC, far from being pieces in the hands of external referents, played a leading role, using their international networks to consolidate and consolidate their political project. Unlike other works that have addressed the international dimension of the transition, the focus of this book is not the economic or the ideological aspects, but rather the political centrality of an actor, the Christian Democratic Party, and the capacity that it it had to consolidate at the international level its position of reference for the return to democracy in Chile.