Suchergebnisse

AbstractEstimating economic losses resulting from an emergency is always a challenge for researchers, especially in a country like Pakistan where data availability is a constraint. A pandemic situation, such as that caused by COVID‐19, is an example where inconsistent decision‐making—for example, whether to impose a complete lockdown, a smart lockdown, or other restrictions on economic activity—further complicates the issue. Usually guess estimates are given for political and economic debate. However, formal methodologies are being tested to obtain more meaningful results. The present study estimates economic loss using the input–output method to build a more realistic picture. The methodology examines both the direct impact (in the form of losses in selected sectors through final demand) and the indirect impact (through total output). The study looks at a 46‐day period in 2020 where all economic sectors were closed due to Pakistan's complete national lockdown. The results show that final demand decreased by 19.0%, while total output lost approximately 75.6 million USD. The results conclude that the primary sector experienced the greatest losses (31.0%), followed by the secondary and tertiary sectors (18.0% and 16.4%, respectively).

Study aim to explore the mediating role of work engagement between personality and work performance in freelancers. 130 (male=93, female =37) freelancers of mean age 36 (SD=.45) were recruited from various private coworking spaces. Results found out that personality traits of agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness are significantly positively related with work performance. Agreeableness emerged as positive predictors of total score of work performance and its subscale contextual performance but as negative predictor of counterwork productive behavior. Consciousness personality traits also negatively predicted counterwork productive behavior. Openness trait was found to be positive predictor of contextual work performance and negative predictor of counterwork productive behavior and neuroticism positively predicted counterwork productive behavior. Result also found that work engagement mediates the relationship between autotelic personality and work performance.