Suchergebnisse

International audience ; The agricultural square measures of Asian country are the underprivileged within the provision of the health care facilities. The expenditures in health sectors square measures overall regressive in rural Asian country likewise as at provincial and regional levels. The poor in the Asian country isn't solely empty monetary resources however additionally lack access to secondary and tertiary health care services. The health system in the Asian country shows that the tehsil/ district headquarters hospitals (secondary health care facilities) solely exists in tehsil/ city and dominion jurisdiction. Individuals living in rural and remote areas principally depend upon primary health care facilities, like Basic Health Unit, Lady Health Worker Clinic, provided by the general public sector. However, attributable to absentees and an enormous variety of non-functional primary health care facilities, the poor tends to consult the personal doctor. Even just in case of emergency, transport price is that the main hurdle for the poor to access the secondary and tertiary health facilities. Moreover, the patient himself/herself or the accompanied family head/member should lose the chance price attributable to travel and waiting time. Of these on top of mentioned factors contribute to the regressive nature of expenditure within the General Hospitals and Clinics. With this background, the study has been doled out to live the incidence of state payment on health in Asian country at provincial, each rural and concrete level. The study explores the inequalities in resource distribution and repair provision against the Govt. health expenditures. Quantitative research method utilized to collect the primary research data. Whereas, Multan city was selected as a case study for this research. Data were collected through survey research techniques with the help of semi-structured interview schedules. The sample size was selected through simple random sampling comprised of 150 doctors and 300 patients. It is found that ...

International audience The agricultural square measures of Asian country are the underprivileged within the provision of the health care facilities. The expenditures in health sectors square measures overall regressive in rural Asian country likewise as at provincial and regional levels. The poor in the Asian country isn't solely empty monetary resources however additionally lack access to secondary and tertiary health care services. The health system in the Asian country shows that the tehsil/ district headquarters hospitals (secondary health care facilities) solely exists in tehsil/ city and dominion jurisdiction. Individuals living in rural and remote areas principally depend upon primary health care facilities, like Basic Health Unit, Lady Health Worker Clinic, provided by the general public sector. However, attributable to absentees and an enormous variety of non-functional primary health care facilities, the poor tends to consult the personal doctor. Even just in case of emergency, transport price is that the main hurdle for the poor to access the secondary and tertiary health facilities. Moreover, the patient himself/herself or the accompanied family head/member should lose the chance price attributable to travel and waiting time. Of these on top of mentioned factors contribute to the regressive nature of expenditure within the General Hospitals and Clinics. With this background, the study has been doled out to live the incidence of state payment on health in Asian country at provincial, each rural and concrete level. The study explores the inequalities in resource distribution and repair provision against the Govt. health expenditures. Quantitative research method utilized to collect the primary research data. Whereas, Multan city was selected as a case study for this research. Data were collected through survey research techniques with the help of semi-structured interview schedules. The sample size was selected through simple random sampling comprised of 150 doctors and 300 patients. It is found that ...

Coxiellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, acts as a major trade barricade and adversely affects the productive and reproductive capabilities of animals. This study was planned to investigate the sero-prevalence of Coxiellosis and its relationship with some important risk factors in small ruminants kept at nine government livestock farms of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 1000 blood samples (500 each from goats and sheep) were collected from animals kept at the respective livestock farms. An indirect-Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (iELISA) was used to detect anti-C. burnetii antibodies in the serum. Serological analysis revealed overall flock-level sero-prevalence of 92.3% which varied from 88.88% in sheep and 100% in goat, while individual level sero-prevalence was 15.6% in sheep and 15.0% in goats, the difference being non-significant. A significant (P<0.05) association was found between seropositivity against C. burnetii and variables like livestock farm, type of farming, region (locality of farm), presence of ticks, animal health status and season of sampling. In conclusion, the study indicates the occurrence of antibodies to C. burnetii at the government livestock farms included in the study.

Introduction: Seroprevalence of Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis infections in animals and humans is not established in Pakistan. There are only a few reports on the prevalence of pathogenic Yersinia spp. and infections in small ruminants, however, the role of sheep and goats in the transmission of pathogenic Yersinia remains unclear. Methodology: A primary survey investigated the presence of anti-Yersinia antibodies among a small population of ruminants detected by recombinant antigen targets in nine government farms dispersed throughout the Punjab province of Pakistan. Results: Antibodies specific for Y. enterocolitica were detected in 7/9 sheep flocks and in 4/4 goat flocks. Antibodies specific for Y. pseudotuberculosis were detected in 4/9 sheep flocks. Two sheep flocks revealed the presence of both Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis specific antibodies. Conclusion: Due to the high number of the population involved in raising small ruminants the risk to veterinary and public health must be rapidly determined.