Suchergebnisse

Sammelband mit sechs Beiträgen zu einem Seminar, das im August 1976 zum o.a. Thema an der Universität von Mauritius in Reduit bei Port Louis veranstaltet wurde. Außer Reunion und Mauritius werden auch Martinique und Guadeloupe behandelt. (DÜI-Etr)

A modified Environmental Kuznets Curve is proposed, where, by substituting the traditional measure of pollution with the level of natural resource depletion and degradation, a more sustainability-oriented EKC model is presented. The focus is placed on a panel data set of 30 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, over a period of thirty-five years (1980-2014). SSA is chosen as the subject of this research, as it is a resource-rich region and is currently one of the world's fastest-growing regions in terms of foreign direct investment (FDI), especially natural resource seeking, but SSA is also plagued with poor institutional quality and widespread poverty and income inequality. Several studies also associate SSA with a resource curse. The EKC hypothesis is tested for natural resource depletion after controlling several variables pertinent to the SSA region. One of the major findings is that no EKC or inverted U-shape relationship is found between natural resource depletion and the level of economic development. In other words, natural resource depletion does not seem to subside after a given per capita income level is reached for the sampled countries. In addition, the results show that globalisation, which is measured through trade openness, and industrialisation both contribute towards a greater depletion of natural resources and hence have an adverse impact on environmental sustainability for this sample of countries.

This paper develops an analytical framework to explain foreign aid motivation and donor behavior, using an interdependent utility maximization framework, in which donor faces two constraints; its own budget constraint and the recipient's utility function. This paper specifically contributes to the literature on foreign aid by integrating the various objectives underlying aid allocation, namely recipient income and trade performance, international income distribution and donor reaction to fungibility. Between trade interest and international income distribution, the former is found to be a more common consideration in aid allocation. One of the important results is that the fungibility of foreign aid is established as a major problem so as to invite donor's retaliation. However, the retaliatory response appears to co-exist with other motivations.