Suchergebnisse

The article is devoted to the analysis of the interaction of value – forms of human existence – morality and law in the teachings of Thomas Aquinas. The author demonstrates that in his philosophical and legal doctrine the medieval theologian recognized the naturalness and necessity for people of social life, the aim of which is the common good. Based on the review and analysis of the classification of laws in the teachings of Thomas Aqui-nas, the article concludes that the basis of law for Aquinas is reason, not will and coercion, because the funda-mental desire for virtue is embedded in human nature. Compliance with the laws established by the state is for Aquinas a moral rather than a physical imperative. It is shown that the morality or immorality of a person's ac-tions is not determined by rewards and punishments. In conclusion, the author ascertains that the separation of law from justice and morality leads to tyranny – the worst possible form of government, from the philosopher's point of view. According to Thomas Aquinas, just human laws are binding; unfair laws are not laws.

Employment promotion is one of the main directions of the state labor policy. Under the conditions of officially recognized in Russia shortage of personnel, the role of measures taken to promote the employment of citizens who are the "reserve" of the labor market, which can include persons under the age of 18, is increasing. The article examines the main measures taken as part of youth policy, both at the federal level and at the regional level, aimed at mitigating or eliminating barriers to employment for this category of workers. The author criti-cizes the desire of government officials to get rid of many of the guarantees provided by the Labor Code for persons under the age of 18, considering that it is necessary to evaluate the planned changes from the point of view of the level of legal protection provided for adolescents, the presence of obstacles to the development of labor potential. At the same time, the author proposes to strengthen the material interest of employers in the recruitment of persons under the age of 18, using the experience gained by the regions.