En el presente artículo mostramos algunas de las conclusiones obtenidas en la tesis doctoral 1 elaborada en torno al capital social de tres minorías religiosas (la religión ortodoxa, la evangélica y el islam) en una sociedad que vivió un intenso proceso de secularización, el País Vasco. Para ello, se ha hecho uso de la metodología cualitativa, y a través de las entrevistas realizadas y el método Delphi aplicado, hemos podido conocer cuáles son los vínculos de las comunidades de estas tres confesiones y de qué manera estos vínculos, o la ausencia de los mismos, ayudan o dificultan su desarrollo en la sociedad vasca.
<p>This article focuses on the way in which three different communities belonging to religious minorities approach to the task of both granting mutual support among their respective members, and making a contribution to the wider Basque society. By promoting solidarity, these communities become of paramount relevance in the life of their members and attract new ones. We use the category of bonding social capital as analytical tool.</p><p><strong>Received</strong>: 31 June 2015<br /><strong>Accepted</strong>: 15 October 2015<br /><strong>Published online</strong>: 11 December 2017</p>
This document evaluates the regional policies in the Basque Country over the past 20 years. Firstly, the legal framework and the difficulties in approving it are analysed, and then the key planning instruments proposed by the framework are assessed: the level of implementation and development, the difficulties involved in the process, and so on. The final conclusions point out the poor implementation of integral documents and the importance that the new governance criteria should have in the management of regional policies, especially in a region with added complexity in its political-administrative organisation. ; Se presenta un balance de las políticas territoriales en el País Vasco en los últimos 20 años. Se analiza en primer lugar el marco legal, las dificultades de su aprobación y a continuación se realiza una valoración de los principales instrumentos de ordenación que dicho marco propuso: grado de implementación y desarrollo, dificultades del proceso, etc,. Entre las conclusiones finales destaca la diferente implementación de los instrumentos de carácter integral respecto a los de carácter más sectorial, y la importancia que los nuevos criterios de gobernanza deberían tener en la gestión de las políticas territoriales, sobre todo en un territorio con un plus de complejidad en su organización político-administrativa. ; Le bilan des politiques territoriales au Pays Basque durant les 20 dernières années est pré senté. Le cadre légal est analysé en premier lieu, les difficultés rencontrées pour son approbation et ensuite il est procédé à une évaluation des principaux instruments pour l'aménagement qui ont été approuvés dans ce cadre: degré d'implémentation et développement, difficultés du processus, etc,. Parmi les conclusions finales, l'implémentation différente des instruments ayant un caractèr global par rapport à ceux de caractère plus sectoriel est soulignée, ainsi que l'importance que devraient avoir les nouveaux critères de gouvernance dans la gestion des politiques territoriales, surtout dans un ...
En los últimos años, el aumento de proyectos de minería aurífera en América Latina ha dado lugar a toda una serie de protestas comunitarias englobadas en la consigna del "NO a la minería de oro". El conflicto de Pascua-Lama, en el chileno Valle del Huasco, fue estudiado durante cuatro meses de trabajo de campo dentro de la metodología de Investigación-Acción. A partir de aquí, se analizaron los intereses y valores defendidos por los actores involucrados en el conflicto así como sus respectivas fuerzas de poder (análisis CLIP). A través de una reconstrucción cronológica del mismo, se observó cómo el cambio de posicionamiento de los grandes agricultores locales supuso un antes y un después en el esquema de poderes. A nivel estratégico, las consultas populares de Tambogrande (Perú), Esquel (Argentina) o Sipacapa (Guatemala), entre otras, no fueron imitadas por el movimiento anti-Pascua-Lama. Aquí, se optó por la búsqueda de alianzas nacionales e internacionales para oponerse al proyecto de la transnacional Barrick Gold. Estas alianzas propiciaron un mayor acceso a los medios de comunicación que, junto con los conocimientos adquiridos por la práctica activista, supusieron un aumento del poder (un "empoderamiento") de la comunidad local. ; In recent years, the increase in gold mining projects in Latin America has given rise to a set of communitarian protests under the slogan of "No mining". Pascua-Lama conflict, in the Chilean Valley of Huasco, was studied during a four month period of field-work within the Action-Research methodology. An analysis of the interests and values defended by the actors involved in the conflict was carried out as well as of their power forces (CLIP analysis). Through conflict chronological reconstruction, it was observed that the position change of local big farmers marked a before and after in the power scheme. Strategically, the popular referendums of Tambogrande (Peru), Esquel (Argentina) or Sipacapa (Guatemala), among others, were not imitated by anti-Pascua-Lama movement. Instead, national and international alliances were made in order to oppose Barrick Gold transnational's project. These alliances favoured a greater media access, which, together with the knowledge obtained through activism, lead to local community empowerment.
Aquest article recull la visió de les comunitats d'aprenentatge des de la visió de l'Administració autonòmica. Parteix dels reptes que la societat actual presenta per descriure els objectius i les característiques dels plans que l'Administració es planteja per als propers anys. L'article finalitza amb una breu ressenya de les primeres experiències que es van desenvolupar al País Basc als anys noranta. ; This article shows the point of view of the autonomous administration about learning communities. It starts with the challenges of nowadays society in order to describe the goals and characteristics that the autonomous government plans will have for the future years. The article ends with a short overview about the first experiences that took place in the Basque Country during the mid nineties. ; El presente artículo recoge la visión de las comunidades de aprendizaje desde la Administración educativa autonómica. Se parte de los retos que la sociedad actual presenta para describir los objetivos y las características de los planes que la Administración se plantea para los próximos años. El artículo finaliza con una breve reseña de las primeras experiencias que se desarrollaron en el País Vasco en los años noventa.
Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552 ; Altres ajuts: The Post-Doctoral Specialization Programme of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and the project IT697-13 of the Basque Government (Parte-Hartuz - Consolidated Research Groups). ; From 2002 to 2012, 68 community consultations/referenda on large-scale mining activities have been conducted in Latin America challenging centralized decision-making procedures. These consultations are fostered by communities and social movements and usually supported by local governments. Around 700,000 people have participated, expressing a massive rejection of mining activities in Peru, Guatemala, Argentina, Colombia and Ecuador. Community consultations have contributed to ease local tensions temporarily, slowing down or stopping mining projects in some cases. This paper analyses the process of emergence and spread of such consultations exploring how they challenge the governance of mining activities. We claim that community consultations are being institutionalized in the context of mining conflicts in Latin America. Consultations are not isolated experiences but constitute a strategy diffused and transformed in the midst of multi-scalar social learning processes where social movements exchange strategies and discourses and a hybridising process occurs in relation to political and cultural local features. We sustain that community consultations are a hybrid institution where non-state and state actors and formal and informal institutions are mobilized. Consultations are a strategic tool of social movements and a contested emergent institution - as different state bodies support or reject their validity - that reclaim the right of affected populations and indigenous peoples to participate, in empowering forms, in high-stake decisions that affect their territories, livelihoods and future.
La Dirección de Innovación Educativa del Departamento de Educación del Gobierno Vasco impulsó el curso pasado a través de su Programa de Equipos Directivos la elaboración de dos guías de apoyo a las direcciones de los centros públicos de Enseñanza Infantil y Primaria, por un lado, y de Enseñanza Secundaria por otro. En el siguiente artículo se explica el contenido de las mismas y se dan algunas indicaciones para su uso.___________________________________The Educational Innovation Unit of the Basque Government Education Department promote last year through its Programme of Leadership Teams Development the elaboration of two support Guides for Headreachers in the Public School System. The first one is planned for Infant and Primary Schools and the second one is intended for Secondary Schools. In the following article, the content of the guides are explained and some advice for their use is given.
La Dirección de Innovación Educativa del Departamento de Educación del Gobierno Vasco impulsó el curso pasado a través de su Programa de Equipos Directivos la elaboración de dos guías de apoyo a las direcciones de los centros públicos de Enseñanza Infantil y Primaria, por un lado, y de Enseñanza Secundaria por otro. En el siguiente artículo se explica el contenido de las mismas y se dan algunas indicaciones para su uso.___________________________________The Educational Innovation Unit of the Basque Government Education Department promote last year through its Programme of Leadership Teams Development the elaboration of two support Guides for Headreachers in the Public School System. The first one is planned for Infant and Primary Schools and the second one is intended for Secondary Schools. In the following article, the content of the guides are explained and some advice for their use is given.
Nowadays, there is a wide scientific consensus about the unsustainability of the current energy system and at the same time, social awareness about climate change and the IPCC&rsquo ; s goals is increasing in Europe. Amongst the different pathways towards them, one alternative is the radical transition to a democratic low-carbon energy system where the local scale has a key leading role. Under this scope, this research is framed within the mPOWER project, financed by the European Commission&rsquo ; s H2020 programme, which promotes collaboration among different European municipalities in order to boost the transition to a renewable-based participatory energy system. This paper presents the starting point of the mPOWER project, where the main energy features of 27 selected European municipalities are collected and analysed for the year 2016. An open public tender and selection process was carried out among European cities in order to choose the candidates to participate in mPOWER project. A view of this situation will be taken by the mPOWER project as a diagnostic baseline for the following steps: a peer-to-peer knowledge-sharing process among these European municipalities, and subsequently, among a more extensive group. The first finding of the paper is that, even if those municipalities are trying to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, they are highly dependent on fossil fuels, even in cases where renewable energies have significant presence. Second, their energy consumption is logarithmically related to the human development index and gross domestic product but not to the size of the cities and their climate characteristics. Finally, despite the work that these cities are making towards energy transition in general and within the mPOWER project in particular, the paper shows a high difficulty mapping their energy systems. The lack of accurate and unified data by the municipalities is a sign of disempowerment at a local and public level in the energy sphere and makes difficult any strategy to advance towards a bottom-up energy transition. Among other goals, the mPOWER project aims to reveal these kinds of difficulties and help local authorities in managing their transition paths.
