Suchergebnisse

Synthetic pigments from petrochemicals have been extensively used in a wide range of food products. However, these pigments have adverse effects on human health that has rendered it obligatory to the scientific community in order to explore for much safer, natural, and eco-friendly pigments. In this regard, exploiting the potential of agri-food wastes presumes importance, extracted mainly by employing green processing and extraction technologies. Of late, pigments market size is growing rapidly owing to their extensive uses. Hence, there is a need for sustainable production of pigments from renewable bioresources. Valorization of vegetal wastes (fruits and vegetables) and their by-products (e.g. peels, seeds or pomace) can meet the demands of natural pigment production at the industrial levels for potential food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmeceuticals applications. These wastes/by-products are a rich source of natural pigments such as: anthocyanins, betalains, carotenoids, and chlorophylls. It is envisaged that these natural pigments can contribute significantly to the development of functional foods as well as impart rich biotherapeutic potential. With a sustainability approach, we have critically reviewed vital research information and developments made on natural pigments from vegetal wastes, greener extraction and processing technologies, encapsulation techniques and potential bioactivities. Designed with an eco-friendly approach, it is expected that this review will benefit not only the concerned industries but also be of use to health-conscious consumers. ; Authors (MS and RB) acknowledge ERA-Chair for Food (By-) Products Valorization Technologies of the Estonian University of Life Sciences (VALORTECH) which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 810630.

Received: February 04, 2020; Revised: March 08, 2020; Accepted: March 16, 2020. ; Agri-food waste biomass is the most abundant organic waste and has high valorisation potential for sustainable bioproducts development. These wastes are not only recyclable in nature but are also rich sources of bioactive carbohydrates, peptides, pigments, polyphenols, vitamins, natural antioxidants, etc. Bioconversion of agri-food waste to value-added products is very important towards zero waste and circular economy concepts. To reduce the environmental burden, food researchers are seeking strategies to utilize this waste for microbial pigments production and further biotechnological exploitation in functional foods or value-added products. Microbes are valuable sources for a range of bioactive molecules, including microbial pigments production through fermentation and/or utilisation of waste. Here, we have reviewed some of the recent advancements made in important bioengineering technologies to develop engineered microbial systems for enhanced pigments production using agrifood wastes biomass/by-products as substrates in a sustainable way. ; MS, VKG and RB acknowledge ERA Chair for Food (By-) Products Valorization Technologies of the Estonian University of Life Sciences (VALORTECH) which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (under grant agreement No. 810630).

Chapter 1. Agri-Wastes Valorization for Enzymatic Production of Galactooligosaccharides and Fructooligosaccharides. Larissa O. F. Rocha, Cintia Lacerda Ramos. Chapter 2. Microbial Enzymes in Action to Bioethanol. Helen Treichel, Thamarys Scapini, Caroline Dalastra, Jessica Zanivan, J©♭ssica Mulinari, S©♭rgio Luiz Alves Jr., Gislaine Fongaro. Chapter 3. Industrial Amylase Production Using Agri-Food Wastes. Sindhu Raveendran, Jalaja Vidya, K R RekhaMol, ReesaMol G Vaz, Arsha G Madhu, Gincy Marina Mathew, Parameswaran Binod, Ashok Pandey. Chapter 4. Industrial Xylanase Production Using Agri-Food Wastes Through Microbial Applications. Gabrielle Victoria Gaut©♭rio, Luiz Claudio Sim©æes Corr©®a Junior, Taiele Blumberg Machado, Mariana Vilar Castro da Veiga de Mattos, Janaina Fernandes de Medeiros Burkert, Susana Juliano Kalil. Chapter 5. Agro-Industrial Waste Exploitation for Pectin Degrading Enzyme Production by Microbial Fermentation. Asma Hanif, Muhammad Sohail. Chapter 6. Microbial Tannase Production From Agro-Industrial By-Products for Industrial Applications. Azlina Binti Mansor, Noraini Samat, Noriha Mat Amin, Mohammad Syaril Ramli, Raseetha Siva. Chapter 7. Industrial Lipases Production Using Agri-Food Wastes Through Microbial Applications. Bruno Roswag Machado, Mariano Michelon, Lucielen Oliveira dos Santos, Susan Hartwig. Chapter 8. Proteases Production Using Agri-Food Wastes Through Microbial Applications. Satya Laxmi Siragam, Girijasankar Guntuku. Chapter 9. Valorization of Agro-Industrial Waste Through Microbes for Production of Industrial Protease. Shweena Krishnani, Niharika Rishi, Rachna Yadav, Rajni Singh.

Received: 14 May 2021; Accepted: 17 May 2021; Published: 20 May 2021. ; Currently, there is a strong enduring interest towards obtaining high-value, sustainable bio-based bioactive compounds from natural resources, as there is great demand for these compounds in various market sectors such as agriculture, food, pharma, cosmeceuticals, and others. This demand has encouraged researchers to isolate, identify and characterize novel natural bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic and commercial values with industrial importance [1]. These bioactive compounds are generally secondary metabolites (synthesized via plant biosynthetic pathways) and include polyphenols, carotenoids, flavonoids, sterols, dietary fiber, essential vitamins, coenzyme Q, phytosterols, glucosinolates and others with potential beneficial roles as nutraceuticals, surfactants and bio-stimulants. Understanding the molecular characteristics, physicochemical properties, biological activity, and stability of these bioactives under different conditions is vital for their commercial exploitation. The efficacy of these bioactives can often be improved by encapsulating them in nanobased-formulations designed for application in the agriculture, food, pharmaceutical industries. These delivery systems can be designed to increase the dispersibility, stability, bioavailability, and bioactivity imparted by the bioactives. Moreover, they may be useful for minimizing undesirable side-effects, facilitating targeted delivery to certain cells, and enhancing the shelf life of food products. The bioactive molecules are partly or wholly derived from resources of biological origin mainly those of plants, animal and microbial resources (e.g., biomass/feed stock from agri-food sector, food wastes and by-products, algae, marine organisms, etc.). These molecules have recently emerged on the global market as a highly reliable environmentally friendly alternative to chemically synthesized compounds. The natural bioactive compounds provide additional benefits to health and overall wellbeing beyond basic nutrition. For instance, bioactive compounds have been well established for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-hypertensive and other biological activities under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The isolation, purification and safety efficacy of these compounds obtained from natural resources is a vital criterion that needs to be considered. ; Funding: V.K.G. would like to acknowledge the institutional research funding supported by the Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), UK. Authors (M.S. and R.B.) acknowledge ERA-Chair for Food (By-) Products Valorization Technologies of the Estonian University of Life Sciences (VALORTECH) which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 810630.

There has been a growing concern for safety and precautions in the wake of coronavirus SARS-CoV2 pandemic also dubbed as COVID-19, which has caused a major impact at a global scale. This has resulted in many industries accelerating at fast pace new biosafety technologies and improving the already existing ones to deal with this highly contagious virus. Most governments across the globe are also mandating policies focusing on increased biosafety to prevent further spread of the virus and protect key workers such as healthcare agents, store employees and police. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed huge gaps in the healthcare industry that include lack of effective vaccines and medicines, testing of infection, real-time monitoring of the spread of the virus, inadequate protective equipment, and scarcity of protective and intensive care of patients. Some of these may be attributed to a lack of focused research in biosafety materials. As a consequence of the pandemic, a significant body of research activities has therefore focused on biosafety materials that possess unique properties needed for biosafety applications. This graphical review aims to provide a perspective on the usage of bio-based materials to handle the imposing challenges in biosafety. This review investigates existing developments in bio-based antimicrobial encapsulations as an effective measure to deter the growth of COVID-19 virus on surfaces and minimize its spread through surface contact. This will help researchers develop further strategies in material science to focus on contagious pathogens in the future.