This book investigates entrepreneurial initiatives in the three largest economies of the world: China, Japan and the USA. It brings together historical, institutional, and ethnographic approaches and highlights entrepreneurial patterns that result from cultural, legal, and political forces that facilitate and constrain entrepreneurship
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Cover -- Amakudari -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Amakudari and the Political Economy of Japan -- 2. Amakudari as an Institution -- 3. Amakudari: Movement to the Private Sector -- 4. Yokosuberi and Public Corporations -- 5. Wataridori and Private and Public Corporations -- 6. Seikai Tensin: Movement to the Political World -- 7. Amakudari as a Power Structure -- Appendix -- Notes -- References -- Index
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ABSTRACTThe Republic of Korea (South Korea) and Japan are highly industrialized and modern nations which are both influenced by the Confucian tradition of respect for the elderly and family responsibility for the care of aging parents. In both countries the proportion of the elderly population is increasing. Japan, since the end of World War II, has utilized its government bureaucracy to help develop the social welfare system and to formulate social policies and programs for the elderly. Japan's tradition of samurai Confucianism is congruent with the commitment of the Japanese government to such social development as a matter of national policy. The Republic of Korea has not assigned a comprehensive planning role to its government bureaucracy. Lacking the mix of industrial/post‐industrial infrastructure of Japan and not yet faced with the immediacy of a very large elderly population, the Republic of Korea's government has developed its social policies for the elderly in a more incremental manner, usually emphasizing small scale and piecemeal initiatives. With respect to social support, it has emphasized voluntary family efforts as congruent with the Korean (and Chinese) variant of Confucianism. This paper will compare and contrast these different approaches.
