Suchergebnisse

The article analyzes the problem of central bank independence a historical, theoretical, and practice terms. The independence of the arguments raised, disclosed in its essence, defines the limits of independence, the transparency of the operation in question. Accessible to the conclusion that the central bank should be independent from the government, while its activity in combination with the legislative and executive state institutions. The study examined the context of changes in European economic and monetary union within the independence dimension of the European System of Central Banks in format. Determined that under these conditions in some areas of the national central banks have independence, the other – the European Central Bank uses the services of national central banks, in addition to another – the European Central Bank is fully independent.

Straipsnyje analizuojama centrinio banko nepriklausomumo problema istoriniu, teoriniu ir taikomuoju požiūriais. Iškeliami nepriklausomumo argumentai, atskleidžiama jo esmė, apibrėžiamos nepriklauso­mumo ribos, aptariamas veiklos skaidrumas. Prieinama prie išvados, kad centrinis bankas turėtų būti nepriklausomas nuo vyriausybės, kartu jo veiklą derinant su įstatymų leidžiamuoju ir vykdomuoju vals­tybės institutais. Tyrimo kontekste nagrinėjami pokyčiai, susiję su Europos ekonominės ir pinigų sąjun­gos susikūrimu, nepriklausomumo dimensija Europos centrinių bankų sistemos formate. Nustatoma, kad šiomis sąlygomis kai kuriose srityse nacionaliniai centriniai bankai turi savarankiškumą, kitose – Eu­ropos centrinis bankas naudojasi nacionalinių centrinių bankų paslaugomis, be to, Europos centrinis bankas veikia visiškai savarankiškai. The article analyzes the problem of central bank independence a historical, theoretical, and practice terms. The independence of the arguments raised, disclosed in its essence, defines the limits of inde­pendence, the transparency of the operation in question. Accessible to the conclusion that the central bank should be independent from the government, while its activity in combination with the legislative and executive state institutions. The study examined the context of changes in European economic and monetary union within the independence dimension of the European System of Central Banks in format. Determined that under these conditions in some areas of the national central banks have independence, the other – the European Central Bank uses the services of national central banks, in addition to an­other– the European Central Bank is fully independent.

The article analyzes the problem of central bank independence a historical, theoretical, and practice terms. The independence of the arguments raised, disclosed in its essence, defines the limits of independence, the transparency of the operation in question. Accessible to the conclusion that the central bank should be independent from the government, while its activity in combination with the legislative and executive state institutions. The study examined the context of changes in European economic and monetary union within the independence dimension of the European System of Central Banks in format. Determined that under these conditions in some areas of the national central banks have independence, the other – the European Central Bank uses the services of national central banks, in addition to another – the European Central Bank is fully independent.

The article analyzes the problem of central bank independence a historical, theoretical, and practice terms. The independence of the arguments raised, disclosed in its essence, defines the limits of independence, the transparency of the operation in question. Accessible to the conclusion that the central bank should be independent from the government, while its activity in combination with the legislative and executive state institutions. The study examined the context of changes in European economic and monetary union within the independence dimension of the European System of Central Banks in format. Determined that under these conditions in some areas of the national central banks have independence, the other – the European Central Bank uses the services of national central banks, in addition to another – the European Central Bank is fully independent.

The article analyzes the problem of central bank independence a historical, theoretical, and practice terms. The independence of the arguments raised, disclosed in its essence, defines the limits of independence, the transparency of the operation in question. Accessible to the conclusion that the central bank should be independent from the government, while its activity in combination with the legislative and executive state institutions. The study examined the context of changes in European economic and monetary union within the independence dimension of the European System of Central Banks in format. Determined that under these conditions in some areas of the national central banks have independence, the other – the European Central Bank uses the services of national central banks, in addition to another – the European Central Bank is fully independent.

Dividends and dividend operations can be divided into three sections – the decision of dividend policy in the company, dividend payout and dividend taxation. All these sections contain certain problems. By the Lithuanian law, the companies are not obliged to define or create dividend policy. Dividend policy provides information to the investor concerning the company's performance. Therefore, if the company is not paying dividends, investors may presume the company is unstable, unattractive, without guarantees. the european union legislation establishes certain manifestations of an obligatory dividend policy. Without the general dividend payout policy, the general restrictions and conditions of dividend payment, the special dividend payment restrictions and conditions, which are being applied to financial institutions, are defined by the Lithuanian and European Union legal acts. The special attention is given to financial institutions due to the unfavorable economic situation in the world. Dividends are obligation of company for shareholders, who are entitled to sue out dividends from the company as creditors. Often companies decide not to pay dividends, though they have enough income to do so. The Lithuanian case law for non – payment of dividends is occurring, but such cases are not often examined.

Dividends and dividend operations can be divided into three sections – the decision of dividend policy in the company, dividend payout and dividend taxation. All these sections contain certain problems. By the Lithuanian law, the companies are not obliged to define or create dividend policy. Dividend policy provides information to the investor concerning the company's performance. Therefore, if the company is not paying dividends, investors may presume the company is unstable, unattractive, without guarantees. the european union legislation establishes certain manifestations of an obligatory dividend policy. Without the general dividend payout policy, the general restrictions and conditions of dividend payment, the special dividend payment restrictions and conditions, which are being applied to financial institutions, are defined by the Lithuanian and European Union legal acts. The special attention is given to financial institutions due to the unfavorable economic situation in the world. Dividends are obligation of company for shareholders, who are entitled to sue out dividends from the company as creditors. Often companies decide not to pay dividends, though they have enough income to do so. The Lithuanian case law for non – payment of dividends is occurring, but such cases are not often examined.

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos dividendų ir su jų mokėjimu susijusios problemos, siekiama išsiaiškinti, ar aiš­ki ir vieša dividendų politika yra privaloma bendrovėms, analizuojama teisinė bazė, reglamentuojanti dividendų mokėjimo tvarką ir apribojimus, pateikiami sprendimų būdai akcininkams, kurių teisės yra pažeidžiamos. Taip pat nagrinėjama teismų praktika šiuo klausimu. This article deals with the problems of dividend and dividend payout. The author of this paper tries to clarify, whether the clear and open policy on dividends is binding on companies, analyses the legal basis, which regulates the procedure for payout of dividends and payout restrictions, gives solutions of problems for shareholders whose rights are violated. The paper also examines the case law of dividend payout.

Dividends and dividend operations can be divided into three sections – the decision of dividend policy in the company, dividend payout and dividend taxation. All these sections contain certain problems. By the Lithuanian law, the companies are not obliged to define or create dividend policy. Dividend policy provides information to the investor concerning the company's performance. Therefore, if the company is not paying dividends, investors may presume the company is unstable, unattractive, without guarantees. the european union legislation establishes certain manifestations of an obligatory dividend policy. Without the general dividend payout policy, the general restrictions and conditions of dividend payment, the special dividend payment restrictions and conditions, which are being applied to financial institutions, are defined by the Lithuanian and European Union legal acts. The special attention is given to financial institutions due to the unfavorable economic situation in the world. Dividends are obligation of company for shareholders, who are entitled to sue out dividends from the company as creditors. Often companies decide not to pay dividends, though they have enough income to do so. The Lithuanian case law for non – payment of dividends is occurring, but such cases are not often examined.

Dividends and dividend operations can be divided into three sections – the decision of dividend policy in the company, dividend payout and dividend taxation. All these sections contain certain problems. By the Lithuanian law, the companies are not obliged to define or create dividend policy. Dividend policy provides information to the investor concerning the company's performance. Therefore, if the company is not paying dividends, investors may presume the company is unstable, unattractive, without guarantees. the european union legislation establishes certain manifestations of an obligatory dividend policy. Without the general dividend payout policy, the general restrictions and conditions of dividend payment, the special dividend payment restrictions and conditions, which are being applied to financial institutions, are defined by the Lithuanian and European Union legal acts. The special attention is given to financial institutions due to the unfavorable economic situation in the world. Dividends are obligation of company for shareholders, who are entitled to sue out dividends from the company as creditors. Often companies decide not to pay dividends, though they have enough income to do so. The Lithuanian case law for non – payment of dividends is occurring, but such cases are not often examined.

European banking sectors have been subject to various forms of deregulation, liberalization, as well as dramatic improvements in information technology (IT). As the result of the creation of the European Union's Single Market, the financial institutions are transforming themselves in response to fundamental changes in regulation and technology. Many of these changes have vast implications for competition, concentration and the efficiency of financial sectors.