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In the scientific solution of the social question, summaries and fragments of the organisation of happiness, the individualist anarchist activist Paraf-Javal sets out his vision of social change. Faced with a capitalist and authoritarian society which he considers to be ill, the anarchist is proposing a new social organisation that is cleaned of its perversions and would then be the guarantor of collective happiness. This change is based on 'universal transformation', which presupposes the satisfaction of natural needs through the practice of good movements and the correct circulation of 'universal substance'. The anarchist then asserts that happiness cannot happen without a scrupulous application of the laws of nature and that it corresponds to anarchy, that is to say, the disappearance of positive law and the rule of natural law. ; In La solution scientifique de la question sociale, résumés et fragments de l'organisation du bonheur, the individual anarchist activist Paraf-Javal exposes his vision of social change. Confronted with a capialist and authoritarian society that he considers sick, he proposes a new social organization purified of its perversions and which would then be the guarantor of the collective happiness. This change is based on "le transformisme universel" which supposes the satisfaction of the natural needs by the practice of the good movements as well as a correct circulation of "la substance universelle". Happiness can only come about though the application of the law of nature and corresponds to anarchy, i.e. the disappearance of positive law and the reign of natural right. ; In the scientific solution of the social question, summaries and fragments of the organisation of happiness, the individualist anarchist activist Paraf-Javal sets out his vision of social change. Faced with a capitalist and authoritarian society which he considers to be ill, the anarchist is proposing a new social organisation that is cleaned of its perversions and would then be the guarantor of collective happiness. ...

Between 1870 and 1926, anarchists criticism of the state includes criticism of law, and the themes they tackled in this area are vast. From the rejection of the social contract, to the rejection of the law, to the history of law and state, state law is, for them an enemy. Anarchists then think anarchy is in contradiction with it. The normative architecture of the anarchist society gives a large place to the free association of individuals and to the consent of each individual to the norm. However, it also relies on naturalist foundations : the reference to the natural sciences, combined with social sciences, leads militants to justify anarchy in support of the scientific truths accepted in their time. The reference to nature, natural law and morality made the anarchist society a normative order that could bring it closer to state law, which it opposed. The study of the discourse on law of anarchists during 1870 to 1926, through the study of the literature and the propaganda press, highlights this ambivalence. Although jurists often sum up anarchism as "propagande par le fait", and reduce it to anomie, the recent historiography of legal thought tends to assert the opposite. This thesis demonstrates the complexity of the presence, both implicit and explicit, of law in anarchist thought. ; Entre 1870 et 1926, la critique que les anarchistes formulent à l'égard de l'État embrasse celle du droit, et les thèmes qu'ils abordent dans ce domaine sont vastes. Du rejet du contrat social, à celui de la loi, en passant par l'histoire du droit et de l'État, le droit étatique est, pour eux, un ennemi désigné. Les militants pensent alors l'anarchie en contradiction avec ce dernier. L'architecture normative de l'ordre libertaire qu'ils appellent de leurs vœux confère une large place à l'association libre des individus et au consentement de chacun à la norme. Or, elle repose aussi en grande partie sur des fondements naturalistes : leurs références aux sciences naturelles, conjuguées avec les sciences sociales alors naissantes, ...