Suchergebnisse

"Environmental risk factors - noise, air pollution, chemical agents, and ultraviolet radiation - impact human health by contributing to the onset and progression of non-communicable diseases. Accordingly, there is need for preclinical and clinical studies and comprehensible summary of major findings. This book is a state-of-the-art summary of these myriad severe life stress. The chapters on the different pollutants focus on disease mechanisms (cardiovascular, neurological and metabolic disorders) and on oxidative stress and inflammation. We emphasize emerging mechanisms based on dysregulation of the circadian clock, the microbiome, epigenetic pathways and cognitive function by environmental stressors, and introduce the exposome concept while highlighting existing research gaps"--

The file associated with this record is under embargo until 12 months after publication, in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. The full text may be available through the publisher links provided above. ; BACKGROUND: To evaluate modifiable, lifestyle risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among older adults, across ageing, in the Mediterranean area. METHODS: During 2005-2017, 3131 individuals from 26 Mediterranean islands of 5 countries, ≥65 years of age, were voluntarily enrolled. Anthropometrical, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, lifestyle parameters were measured through standard procedures. Analyses were performed by year and across consecutive age groups of the participants. RESULTS: A decrease in the prevalence of current smoking (p < 0.001), engagement in physical activities (p = 0.001) and participation in social events (p = 0.001) for every year increase in age was found. Moderate alcohol drinking increased through ageing (p = 0.008), whereas adherence to Mediterranean diet remained stable, but adequate (p = 0.90). Trend analysis also revealed that a quadratic (U-shape) function better characterized the association between ageing and total cardiometabolic risk factors burden (p for trend <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The gaps in the understanding of factors affecting longevity and healthy ageing remain; public health authorities and stakeholders should focus on the lifestyle determinants of healthy ageing, that seems to be an effective mean for improving older peoples' health. ; The Study was funded by Research grants from the Hellenic Heart Foundation (001/2009), the Graduate Program of the Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Harokopio University (001/2010) and the Rutgers University, NJ, USA (GA #5884). Stefanos Tyrovolas was supported by the Foundation for Education and European Culture (IPEP), the Sara Borrell postdoctoral program (reference no. CD15/00019 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII - Spain) and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). Demosthenes Panagiotakos and Stefano Tyrovolas have been funded for ATHLOS project to study trajectories of healthy ageing (European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, grant agreement No 635316). Josep A. Tur was funded by grants PI11/01791, CIBERobn CB12/03/30038, and CAIB/EU 35/2001. ; Peer-reviewed ; Post-print