Suchergebnisse

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused governments to establish quarantine and social distancing for the population in order to decrease the contamination peak, factors that have affected the athletes' preparation. In this context, we developed some high-intensity interval training (HIIT) recommendations for Olympic combat sports athletes that can be performed at home. The HIIT protocols should be added by body mass-based muscle strengthening exercises (similar to technical exercises), with the goal to preserve athletes' muscle mass and physical fitness. Finally, emergency situations require contingency plans for sport. ; La pandemia del COVID-19 ha obligado a los gobiernos decretar cuarentena y aislamiento social en la población con la intención de aplanar la curva de contagio, hechos que han afectado de igual modo la preparación de los atletas. En dicho contexto, hemos desarrollado algunas recomendaciones de entrenamiento intervalado de alta intensidad (HIIT) que podrían ejecutar atletas de deportes de combate olímpicos en sus hogares. Los protocolos HIIT debiesen complementarse con ejercicios de fortalecimiento muscular con el propio peso corporal (similares a los ejercicios técnicos), con la intención de conservar la masa muscular y la condición física de los atletas. Finalmente, situaciones de emergencia requieren planes de contingencia en el deporte. ; A pandemia de COVID-19 tem obrigado os governos a decretarem quarentena e isolamento social para a população com a intenção de achatar a curva de contágio, ações que têm afetado a preparação de atletas. Neste contexto, desenvolvemos algumas recomendações de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) que os atletas de esportes de combate olímpicos poderiam executar em seus lares. Os protocolos de HIIT devem ser complementados com exercícios de fortalecimento muscular com a própria massa corporal (similares aos exercícios técnicos), com a intenção de preservar a massa muscular e a condição física dos atletas. Por fim, situações de emergência requerem planos de contingência no esporte.

ABSTRACT: This systematic review analyzes the evidence of the effects of physical activity governmental programs oriented towards the health of independent older adults. Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection databases were used for data mining and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) recommendations were followed. Five studies (n=2,545 participants) fulfilled the established inclusion criteria. The physical activity programs had beneficial effects on the older adults? quality of life, fall risk, activities of daily living, physical activity levels, nutritional risk, body mass index, arterial pressure, resting heart rate, blood glucose, triglycerides and/or cholesterol, but did not significantly alter their body fat mass percentage. Programs involving diverse physical capacities seem to be more effective for healthy aging. It is recommended that governments start to disseminate the outcomes of these programs within society and the scientific community.

We aimed to assess the athletic performance changes in combat sport athletes (CoSAs) after plyometric-jump training (PJT), compared to control conditions, through a systematic review with meta-analysis. Following PRISMA guidelines, three electronic databases were searched for includable articles, according to a PICOS approach. Using a random-effects model, Hedges' g effects sizes (ES) were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, with values of <25%, 25–75%, and >75% representing low, moderate, and high levels of heterogeneity, respectively. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Twelve eligible articles were identified for systematic review, seven of high quality and five of moderate quality, according to the PEDro scale. The studies recruited taekwondo, silat, wrestling, judo, fencing, and karate athletes (292 total participants), including specific–active and active controls. Most participants had a mean age of <18 years and were males (n = 225). Compared to the control, PJT programmes, involving 4–12 weeks and 2–3 sessions per week, induced small to moderate improvements (ES = 0.47 to 1.04) in athletes' maximal strength (e.g., 1RM squat), vertical jump height, change-of-direction speed, and specific performance (e.g., fencing movement velocity), although without meaningful effects on body mass, fat mass, and muscle mass (ES = 0.02 to −0.06). Most (7 of 8) outcomes attained low heterogeneity. The outcome-level GRADE analysis indicated a certainty of evidence from low to moderate. In conclusion, PJT, when compared to control conditions, may improve CoSA athletic performance.