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In the face of increasing failures, comments attributed to Albert Einstein loom large: "We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them." There is a pervasive feeling that any attempt to make sense of the current terrain of complex systems must involve thinking outside the box and originating unconventional approaches that integrate organizational, managerial, social, political, cultural, and human aspects and their interactions. This textbook offers research-based models and tools for diagnosing and predicting the behavior of complex techno-socio-economic systems in the domain of critical infrastructures, key resources, key assets and the open bazaar of space, undersea, and below-ground systems. These models exemplify emblematic models in physics, within which the critical infrastructures, as well as society itself and its paraphernalia, share the profile of many-body systems featuring cooperative phenomena and phase transitions - the latter usually felt as disruptive occurrences. The book and its models focus on the analytics of real-life-business actors, including policy-makers, financiers and insurers, industry managers, and emergency responders.

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- References -- About the Book -- Contents -- About the Authors -- The Foundations of the Wellbeing -- 1 Critical Infrastructures, Key Resources, and Key Assets -- Abstract -- 1.1 Critical Infrastructures -- 1.1.1 Key Resources -- 1.1.2 Key Assets -- 1.2 Terminology -- 1.2.1 Risk -- 1.2.2 Vulnerability -- 1.2.3 Resilience -- 1.2.4 Fragility -- 1.2.5 Perception -- 1.2.6 Governance -- 1.3 Open Bazaar Newcomers: The Space, Undersea, and Belowground -- 1.3.1 The Space Critical Infrastructure -- 1.3.2 The Undersea Critical Infrastructure -- 1.3.3 The Belowground Critical Infrastructure -- 1.4 Remarks -- References -- 2 Governance Vulnerability Facets -- Abstract -- 2.1 Strategic Approach for Dealing with Diverse Stakeholders -- 2.2 Angles and Targets of Vulnerability -- 2.2.1 Structural Vulnerability, System Stability, and Hysteresis -- 2.2.1.1 QVA: The Basic Assumptions -- 2.2.1.2 QVA Modeling: Vulnerability and Stability in Multi-component Systems -- 2.2.2 Operational Vulnerability and System Dynamics in Phase Portraits -- 2.2.2.1 The Rules -- 2.2.3 Managerial Vulnerability and Consensual Analytical Hierarchies -- 2.2.3.1 Deriving \alpha_{i} -- 2.2.3.2 Deriving \beta_{i} -- 2.2.3.3 Model Application: Calculating Vulnerability Management Capability Index -- 2.2.4 Relational Vulnerability and System Penetrability -- 2.2.4.1 Models of Relational Vulnerability -- 2.2.4.2 Connectivity as Penetrability -- 2.2.4.3 Quantifying Vulnerability Relevance of Penetrability -- 2.2.4.4 Tolerability of Vulnerability -- 2.2.4.5 Supplementary Model Resources -- 2.3 Remarks -- References -- Governance Modeling, Simulation, and Visualization -- 3 A Physical Analogy for Resilience and Vulnerability -- Abstract -- 3.1 An Analogy in Hysteresis -- 3.2 Hysteresis Modeling -- 3.3 Remarks -- References