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The article analyzes the origins and implementation progress of the agreement between the United States, Great Britain and Australia on the formation of the triple military alliance AUKUS, which was announced on September 15, 2021. It is emphasized that the emerging military alliance is based on the concept of integrating the military-industrial complexes of the three Anglo-Saxon countries, aimed at containing and confronting the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the Indo-Pacific region. The main program of action of the emerging military alliance is to equip the Australian Navy with 8 submarines with nuclear power plants. The serious military-technical difficulties that this program will face and is already facing are indicated. At the same time, the process of involving the Australian military-technical potential in the creation of a number of other weapons systems, in particular, hypersonic weapons, is also underway. The formation of AUKUS is considered in a broader aspect as a reflection of the desire of Great Britain and the United States to build a hierarchy of control of the global world order, subject to its subordination to the «collective West», in which the «closed club» of the Anglo-Saxon countries plays the main role. The transformation of the union of Anglo-Saxon countries into the main «bearing» element of the system of global hierarchical governance occurs in the context of the growing crisis of the neoliberal model of globalization, which was given universal civilizational significance at the turn of the 1980 s-1990 s. Thus, a new geopolitical and geo-economic fracture is implanted into the world civilizational space, based on the confrontation of the Western system of values and the Asian system of values, built on the synthesis of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.

The article explores new tasks of political education in the complex of social studies subjects and their standardization in connection with new tasks for the formation of personality and citizen in the process of learning and socialization. The formation of the worldview of schoolchildren is mainly realized in the subjects of the socio-scientific cycle — history, social studies, geography. It is necessary to update the sections included in social science, taking into account fundamental scientific directions and certain disciplines that study problems of social development. This approach makes it possible to explain and argue real social practices in the learning process, to show the role and importance of a sovereign state as an institution of political and socio-economic life. It is proposed to significantly advance the positive agenda of the Russian state in the educational process, based on national values in the field of social policy, to supplement the relevant sections of socio-scientific subjects with the study of the problems of modern areas of political education. The article proposes a new structure for studying the subject areas of social studies and the transition in high school to mono-subject teaching.

The author examines the complex of reasons that prompted the Nobel Committee to award the Nobel Prize in Economics for 2022 to former Federal Reserve System chairman B. Bernanke (2006-2014). The award was granted not only to B. Bernanke, now a leading researcher at the Brookings Institute (Washington, D.C.), as well as to two other American economists - a professor at the University of Chicago, Booth School of Business D. Diamond and a professor of Washington University (St. Louis, Missouri) F. Dybvig for their research of the mechanism of the banking system functioning during financial crises. It is emphasized that the awarding of the Nodel prize to B. Bernanke and two other American economists was politically biased and intended to "rehabilitate" the monetary policy pursued by the FRS in 2007-2009 during the Great Recession. In the long run it led in the early 2020s to record inflation rate in 40 years. During his tenure as Chairman of the Fed, Bernanke, as a supporter of the monetary theory of the Great Depression of the 1930s, proposed in 1963 by the head of the Chicago School of monetarists M. Friedman, deliberately departed from the main regulatory norm of the former monetary policy, formulated in 1993 by Stanford University professor J. Taylor (the so-called "Taylor rules"). It provided for the constant excess of the federal fund rate over the current inflation rate in order to keep the consumer price index growth under constant control of the US monetary authorities. As a result of arbitrary actions by the FRS under the leadership of B. Bernanke, at the end of 2008 the federal fund rate was lowered to zero, and since then it has been consistently below the inflation index. As a result, in the early 2020s, the Fed lost control over inflationary processes in the American economy. These actions of the Fed were a direct consequence of the incorrect diagnosis made by B. Bernanke. He stated that the main threat to the American economy in XXI century, as in the 1930s, is a hypothetical deflationary mode of operation, although since the end of World War II the US economy functioned exclusively in an inflationary mode. Combined with the uncontrolled use of the printing press and exorbitant lending in the period 2007-2009 the Fed managed to minimize the crisis in the US banking system, in fact, to save it, at the cost of transforming the so-called "liquidity trap" into a "debt trap". The Nobel Prize was awarded to B. Bernanke by the Swedish Central Bank for saving both the American and the leading segments of the world banking system, however, at present, the general population and various sectors of the real economy have to pay for such experiments in monetary policy.

The article analyzes the new conditions and institutions of socio-economic dynamics developing under the influence of COVID-19 and overcoming its consequences. New directions of the macro-management system are actualized by the economic recession that arose under the influence of COVID-19 and the previous depressive rates of economic growth. Social conditions and tensions have predetermined the growth of the state's participation in socio-economic development, the formation of new institutional trends.
Transformation of public administration institutions is due to the long-term influence of the characteristics of the information society and the conceptualization of modern sustainable growth in the areas of welfare, poverty reduction, and ecology. In the Russian Federation, a transition is underway to a new form of institutional regulation of socio-economic dynamics based on a system of medium-term strategic planning in the range from the development of key long-term development strategies to the operational management of specific projects. The modern national development goals and their indicators are presented, the existing risks of strategic planning are structured, which require consideration when developing subsequent system solutions. The current principles of the welfare state have been clarified, institutional innovations in the organization of social protection of the population are shown in the context of strategic planning, the interaction of federal and regional authorities in the problem field of social assistance and social insurance of the population.

The implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the Lisbon Strategy sets the task of a comprehensive study of the citizens` well-being, determining the state and trends in the level and quality of life not only by traditional methods of social statistics, but also through comprehensive sociological research. This approach has significant advantages since it allows us to generalize the state of social development of a society based on the population`s opinions, to study the emerging social risks that concern the population, to determine the differentiation of countries by indicators of well-being. The foundations of the new approach to the analysis of social processes were laid by the scientific achievements of the 60s of the last century. The dominant paradigm was the economic goals and parameters of statistically measured national income, household income, wages and their differentiation. The environmental risks that threaten the future of civilization were identified and analyzed in the 70s of the XX century. The production contradiction, which raised the question of measuring the quality of life in a new way, was articulated. The economic component (economic growth) was mixed and replaced with the welfare parameter. The sustainable development, including the indicators of well-being, the fight against poverty, and the environment were declared to be the goals of the society. The tasks of monitoring the solution of these problems are solved by sociological research, whose mathematical formalization can become a structural element of economic and mathematical modeling of social processes.

The Kola Peninsula in northwest Russia is one of the most important economic regions in the circumpolar North. The region contains valuable natural resources, including a wide variety of mineral and fish resources, and is proximate to the large gas fields of the Barents Sea. A large population, industrial complexes, and military infrastructure are also characteristic of the region. The Kola Peninsula developed rapidly during the Soviet period (1917-92) under the principles of socialist development policy. This policy favoured extensive resource extraction and industrialization and resulted in increased northern settlement, much of it involuntary. Soviet development policy prompted the opening of new mines and the construction of smelters and refining facilities, while Soviet military policy necessitated the establishment of large military basing operations. Resource development and processing have led to severe environmental damage in the region and beyond. This paper describes the geographical features of the Kola Peninsula and the region's development history and contains data on natural and labour resources.Key words: Kola Peninsula, Murmansk Region, Murmansk, Russian Arctic, Soviet Arctic, natural resources, economic development, militarization ; La presqu'île de Kola dans le nord-ouest de la Russie est l'une des plus importantes zones économiques du Grand Nord circumpolaire. La région contient de précieuses ressources naturelles, y compris une grande variété de ressources minières et de poisson, et elle est proche des champs gaziers de la mer de Barents. Cette région se caractérise aussi par une forte population, ainsi que par la présence de complexes industriels et d'une infrastructure militaire. La presqu'île de Kola s'est développée rapidement au cours de l'ère soviétique (1917-1992), selon les principes des politiques socialistes de développement. Ces dernières, qui mettaient l'accent sur une intensification de l'exploitation des ressources et de l'industrialisation, ont accru la colonisation - en grande partie forcée - dans le Nord. Les politiques soviétiques de développement ont amené l'ouverture de nouvelles mines et la construction de fours de fusion et de raffineries, tandis que les politiques militaires soviétiques ont rendu nécessaire l'édification d'importantes installations pour des bases militaires. L'exploitation et le traitement des ressources ont causé dans la région immédiate et au-delà de sérieux dommages écologiques. Cet article décrit les caractéristiques géographiques de la presqu'île de Kola et l'histoire du développement de la région, et il présente des données sur les ressources naturelles et en main-d'oeuvre.Mots clés : presqu'île de Kola, région de Mourmansk. Mourmansk, Arctique russe, Arctique sovibtique, ressources naturelles, développement économique, militarisation