Suchergebnisse

In this article the author aims to analyze the essence of the legal bases of decentralization reform in Ukraine on the basis of conceptualization of theoretical principles and determination of priority directions of decentralization of power. The author notes that decentralization is one of the priority principles of the organization and functioning of public power and acts as a strategically determined vector of modern state policy; it is one of the components of almost all sectoral reforms. The article emphasizes that decentralization issues attract the attention of researchers from completely different scientific fields. However, either in theory or in practice there is no single unified concept of decentralization and its individual components, types, models. In the study the author came to the conclusion that, despite the multidimensionality of the concept of decentralization, the breadth of classification of its types, forms, models, the essence and content of this process should, above all, put two main aspects. First, the separation of powers and responsibilities between central, regional and local government, and second, the empowerment of citizens to address political, economic and social problems. Analyzing the basic approaches to decentralization, the author made the following conclusions: the state can carry out decentralization of power in the interests of the population, on the basis of law, transferring part of the powers of executive bodies to local self-government bodies; decentralization of powers must take into account the principle of subsidiarity.

The article substantiates the need for regulatory support for solving problems with the functioning of public transport, as well as for the provision of transport services in cities of Ukraine in the conditions of post-war reconstruction. It is noted that one of the priority areas of the reconstruction plan is transport infrastructure. It is noted that the peculiarity of urban transport is that it can be in state, communal and private property. Therefore, the difficulty is that the impact on the state and private carrier by local governments is quite limited. It is noted that at the same time, local public authorities have the opportunity to influence transport service providers by concluding or not concluding transactions and determining their terms. It is concluded that regulatory support for the functioning and development of public transport in cities and in general in the settlements of our country requires significant improvement, namely: development and approval electric transport, construction, operation and repair of its facilities, public transport as a whole; defining the principles of interaction of all entities in the field of urban transport, regulations on customers, providers and consumers of transport services, their rights and responsibilities; Determination of priority provisions of public policy in the field of land transport and their implementation (ensuring the safety of transportation, environmental friendliness, inclusivity and availability of passenger transport and its subsequent sustainable development), their coordination with plans and strategies of development of cities and regions, etc.

The article substantiates the need to analyze the challenges of the present in order to determine the directions of improving the professional formation of public authorities. Attention is drawn to the need to master new areas of work in local governments. It is proposed to pay attention to the patriotic component in teaching different disciplines in higher education institutions, giving heroic examples to resist the Russian invaders. It is emphasized on the need to use the social capital of internally displaced persons, involve them in joint activities in territorial communities, in which they are forced to stay in these difficult times for each person. It is noted that the increase in social and human capital is extremely important, both for everyone and for the formation of a successful civil society as a whole. It is proved that the study of the components of social capital of internally displaced persons and ways of its implementation in the new conditions is also a challenge and a topical problem of the present. It is noted that the study of the nature of conflict, its functions and consequences in the public administration and administration system is especially relevant. Therefore, the problems of conflict and managing them in territorial communities, especially in the military and post -war period, remains urgent, and the training of officials (employees) of public authorities of efficient communication, forming a culture of effective interaction, understanding and dialogue comes to the fore. It is stated that the value-legal aspects of the activity of public authorities should provide an understanding of legal phenomena in public servants through a system of scientific knowledge and ideological concepts that objectively reflect the legal reality in service in local self-government bodies.

У статті зазначено, щоз 2015 року перед міжнародною спільнотою постали нові амбітні завдання щодо досягнення цілей сталого розвитку, визначених схваленою на черговому саміті Організації Об'єднаних Націй Стратегією "Перетворення нашого світу: Порядок денний у сфері сталого розвитку до 2030 року". Майже всі вони передбачають необхідність створення або модернізації економічної та соціальної інфраструктури в країнах, які розвиваються, що потребує значних фінансових ресурсів. Однак, бюджети таких країн не можуть покрити наявні фінансові потреби.Тому, одним із найважливіших завдань нової глобальної стратегії сталого розвитку було визнано створення умов для залучення фінансових ресурсів приватного сектору для розбудови інфраструктури на засадах публічно-приватного партнерства (ППП). Зауважено, що основне завдання органів публічної влади сьогодні полягає у формуванні сприятливого середовища для ведення бізнесу, ефективного використання ресурсного потенціалу, визначенні пріоритетів в соціальних, економічних та екологічних процесах і перспектив розвитку територіальної громади з врахуванням її потреб й інтересів.
Акцентовано увагу на тому, що у світі дедалі більше стає популярним державно-приватне партнерство у формі концесії, оскільки саме така форма взаємодії між приватним та публічним партнером створює суттєву додану вартість для обох сторін. Одне з найбільших досягнень концесій – завдяки їй вирішуються державні завдання силами приватного капіталу, який вважається економічно ефективнішим державного. При цьому, приватний партнер отримує довгостроковий фінансовий інтерес, який дозволяє йому забезпечити максимальну ефективність вирішення поставленого державою чи муніципалітетом завдання. Обґрунтовано доцільність застосування державно-приватного партнерства при формуванні інструменту забезпечення сталого розвитку територій як важливого інструменту забезпечення сталого розвитку територій.

The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the needs of scientific analysis of the process of reforming public administration in modern Ukraine to identify ways and opportunities for further improvement of public administration. The purpose of the study is to analyze the innovations of civil service in Ukraine, which are aimed at improving the performance and ensuring the quality of civil service. The research methodology includes a set of general scientific and special political science methods. The results of this paper demonstrate that Ukraine has moved quite a distance from the Soviet legacy as far as civil service is concerned. Nevertheless, the country still has a lot to be done: these achievements must be supported by steady efforts so as to make them irreversible and to significantly increase the efficiency of public administration. The practical importance is determined by the need to formulate priority ways of raising the country's economic competitiveness and promoting social welfare.

Based on the analysis of the works of national and international scientists and professionals available in the bibliography, the article aimed to reveal a conceptual vision of the application of innovative approaches to the training of public servants in a decentralized environment. Emphasis is placed on solving the urgent problem of public administration that is expressed in the professional capacity of those who form and implement public policies to solve socially significant problems under indeterminate conditions during the implementation of the decentralization reform in Ukraine. Methodologically, the text document analysis technique was used. The authors propose a professional training program for public servants, including community leaders, which is a synthesis of methodological techniques, as well as modern personnel technologies, such as: change management, design thinking, gender approach, human resource management , HR management, time management, etc. By way of conclusion, the convenience of using innovative approaches that meet the needs of each consumer of public services and can ensure effective and competitive development of the territories is verified. Furthermore, the article reveals the conceptual provisions that should form the basis of a new model of public service.