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ABSTRACTExpert systems offer promise for decision‐making support in stressful circumstances such as those that occur when law enforcement officials respond to hostage‐taking incidents. These are life‐or‐death situations in which the costs of decision error are enormous.This paper reports on an expert system being developed and tested to aid police decision makers in hostage‐taking incidents. Knowledge is represented by rules embedded in an incident‐based decision‐tree network. Four different decision makers who have similar but distinct information needs are supported and their efforts are coordinated by the system, which must function in real time as the crisis unfolds. Clear, concise, highly focused dialogue is required at the user interface since frequently only seconds are available in which to make a decision and implement it.