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In this article, we present the organisation of the brain areas involved in the handwriting of adults and describe recent data on this organisation in the brain of children under learning. In adults, the network involved comprises a set of left-to-frontal regions, the left fusion gyrus and the right cervelet. These regions code the spelling and driving aspects of handwriting. In children aged between eight and 11 years, the regions well described in adults are also active: the writing network is already structured. However, differences between the two groups in the level of activation of certain elements of the network, in the recruitment of other regions or in the side of activations indicate an ongoing process of automation. ; International audience ; In this article, we present the organisation of the brain areas involved in the handwriting of adults and describe recent data on this organisation in the brain of children under learning. In adults, the network involved comprises a set of left-to-frontal regions, the left fusion gyrus and the right cervelet. These regions code the spelling and driving aspects of handwriting. In children aged between eight and 11 years, the regions well described in adults are also active: the writing network is already structured. However, differences between the two groups in the level of activation of certain elements of the network, in the recruitment of other regions or in the side of activations indicate an ongoing process of automation. ; Dans cet article, nous présentons l'organisation des aires cérébrales impliquées dans l'écriture manuscrite chez l'adulte, et nous décrivons des données récentes sur cette organisation dans le cerveau d'enfants en cours d'apprentissage. Chez l'adulte, le réseau impliqué comprend un ensemble de régions pariéto-frontales gauches, le gyrus fusiforme gauche et le cervelet droit. Ces régions codent les aspects orthographiques et moteurs de l'écriture manuscrite. Chez l'enfant de huit à 11 ans, les régions bien décrites chez l'adulte sont ...

AbstractWhile the brain network supporting handwriting has previously been defined in adults, its organization in children has never been investigated. We compared the handwriting network of 23 adults and 42 children (8‐ to 11‐year‐old). Participants were instructed to write the alphabet, the days of the week, and to draw loops while being scanned. The handwriting network previously described in adults (five key regions: left dorsal premotor cortex, superior parietal lobule (SPL), fusiform and inferior frontal gyri, and right cerebellum) was also strongly activated in children. The right precentral gyrus and the right anterior cerebellum were more strongly activated in adults than in children, while the left fusiform gyrus (FuG) was more strongly activated in children than in adults. Finally, we found that, contrary to adults, children recruited prefrontal regions to complete the writing task. This constitutes the first comparative investigation of the neural correlates of writing in children and adults. Our results suggest that the network supporting handwriting is already established in middle childhood. They also highlight the major role of prefrontal regions in learning this complex skill and the importance of right precentral regions and cerebellum in the performance of automated handwriting.