Suchergebnisse

Radicalisering in gevangenissen staat hoog op de publieke en politieke agenda in Europa. Verschillende landen, waaronder Nederland, proberen radicalisering en rekrutering onder gedetineerden tegen te gaan door terreurverdachten af te zonderen van de reguliere gevangenen en hen onder te brengen in aparte terroristenafdelingen. Het is echter onduidelijk waarop dergelijk beleid is gestoeld. Deze studie is een evaluatie van gevangenisbeleid voor terreurverdachten, gebaseerd op uitgebreid onderzoek onder beleidsmakers, gevangenispersoneel, en gedetineerden in Nederland. De resultaten laten zien dat er weinig bewijs is dat het bij elkaar plaatsen van extremisten helpt om radicalisering onder gedetineerden te bestrijden. Dergelijk beleid lijkt eerder een onder tijdsdruk tot stand gekomen reactie op maatschappelijke vrees voor terrorisme te zijn dan het resultaat van zorgvuldige overwegingen en analyses. Het is volstrekt onduidelijk of het risico op radicalisering onder gedetineerden inderdaad bestaat. Bovendien is het aannemelijk dat terroristenafdelingen negatieve bijwerkingen veroorzaken en uiteindelijk contraproductief zijn. ; The possible threat of radicalization among prison inmates has received widespread political and public attention in Europe. Several countries, including the Netherlands, seek to prevent prisoner radicalization by detaining violent extremist offenders together in segregated high-security facilities. However, it is unclear whether or not such policies are based on sound rationale. This study aims to conduct an in-depth evaluation of terrorism detention policy, based on extensive research among policy makers, prison staff, and prisoners in the Netherlands. The findings suggest that that there is little evidence that concentrating terrorists is an adequate strategy to combat violent extremism among prisoners. Such policies often seem to be rooted in fear, threat, and time-pressure, rather than in realistic assessments. It is wholly unclear whether the risk of prisoner radicalization actually exists. Also, there is a credible possibility that detaining violent extremists together produces undesired or even counterproductive outcomes.

The project Royal Lexicography: from Scholarship to Politics has created full digital access to the lexical texts (bilingual dictionaries, synonym lists, sign lists) from the library of the Assyrian king Assurbanipal, in order to enable and encourage research at the crossroads of ancient scholarship and politics.

In this book Nussbaum makes a strong case for the importance of the liberal arts in education. If the economic pressure of globalization is not kept under control, the end result might be an erosion of our democracies. The book is more a manifesto (178 pages) and not an empirical study. Quantitative data have been omitted.

__Abstract__ The World Health Organization defines overweight and obesity as "abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health". Worldwide, about one in ten children at the age of 5 to 17 years have overweight (obesity included). In the last decades there has been a dramatic increase in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in many countries. This increase over a relatively short period of time and within a relatively stable population indicates that genetic factors can not be the primary reason for the increase. The fundamental cause of overweight and obesity is an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, and the increase in prevalence has been ascribed to changes in society that increase the energy intake and decrease the physical activity of the population. An environment with factors that facilitate the development of overweight and obesity is also referred to as an obesogenic environment. Children with overweight are at risk of developing obesity, and childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk of health problems already during childhood (e.g. cardiovascular risk factors, type 2 diabetes, asthma and psychosocial problems). However, the greatest health problems will be seen in next generations as overweight and obesity track from childhood into adulthood quite strong. Childhood overweight and obesity have been associated with higher morbidity and mortality later in life. Further, once childhood obesity is established, it is difficult to reverse. Childhood overweight and obesity are therefore a major burden on health care, and prevention of childhood overweight and obesity is an international public health priority. In the Netherlands, the prevention of overweight in children appeared as a priority on the political and public health agenda at the beginning of this century. As a result, the overweight prevention protocol for use in the setting of youth healthcare was developed in 2005. This thesis reports on a number of studies examining overweight assessment and risk factors for overweight in young children. These studies are embedded in the 'Be active, eat right' study. The 'Be active, eat right' study was initiated to implement the overweight prevention protocol in the youth healthcare setting, and to assess its effects on the prevalence of overweight and health behavior of children.

Research has shown that many individuals have difficulties solving tasks that involve a principal component of dynamic systems: accumulation. They incorrectly assume that the behavioural pattern of a stock resembles that of its flows and vice versa. This has become known as correlation heuristic reasoning. Much less is known about the underlying causes of this inability to correctly infer dynamic behaviour from graphs. We tested if two dimensions of spatial ability, spatial visualization and spatial relations, are related to selecting correct or correlation heuristic answers in tasks involving graphs over time. The analyses show that spatial visualization is positively related to performance in some systems thinking inventory tasks and is negatively related to responses that show correlation heuristic reasoning. We conclude by discussing avenues for future research into this phenomenon. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

he release of the anti-Islam movie "Fitna" by the Dutch Member of Parliament Geert Wilders, early 2008, aroused anxious fears of angry responses by Muslims communities. As happened in the Danish cartoon crisis, people expected the movie to trigger violent demonstrations, boycotts, the burning of flags and other aggressive responses by Muslim communities, both in the Netherlands and around the world. Months prior to the actual release of the movie, the Dutch prime minister already spoke of a crisis, predicting violent confrontations between Muslims and non- Muslims, and devastating consequences for Muslim integration in Dutch society. Contrary to the wide anticipation that Muslims would respond violently to the movie, there were few incidents. In the Netherlands, there were no noticeable incidents at all. Eloquent young Muslims stepped forward as representatives for their communities and of Islam, explicitly distancing themselves from radical or violent action by Muslims in answer to the film. Likewise, orthodox Muslims made strong pleas to react in a non-violent and dignified way to "Fitna". Outside the Netherlands, there were only a few incidents, like the attack on a Dutch consulate in Indonesia by a group of students and the expected burning of the Dutch flag in countries like Afghanistan. Nevertheless, the Dutch fear of violence involving Muslims typifies the implicit association that people easily seem to make between Muslims and violence. Almost irrespective of the actual level of violent incidents, Muslims seem to project an image of responding violently to every political incident. How did this image come into being? In the Netherlands, what types of incidents and developments have occurred that led to potentially violent tensions and conflicts in which Muslims were involved?