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Analysis is made of the way in which the Peruvian military government has achieved institutional control over the program of structural reforms that has been put into effect since 1968. This process has emphasized the instrumental function of the government apparatus; it was directed toward a proper execution of the government program, & it assured a firm control over the course of the revolutionary process. The changes that took place in Peru are reviewed: (1) the remodeling of the formal structure of the state apparatus, a redefinition of the function of various units; (2) the regulation of general appointment procedures, promotions, dismissals etc; & (3) direct appointment to key positions within the state apparatus on the basis of a more general assumed loyalty, especially involving members of the so called Inca military group. 5 Tables. Modified HA.

Data from a 1985 survey of 2,170 households in the industrial city of Monterrey in northern Mexico are drawn on to examine the relationship between objective & subjective effects on household spending in a situation of economic crisis. Historical developments in income are traced through a longitudinal study of income distributions, & family budgets are used to describe actual & expected effects of the crisis in terms of reductions in spending. Regression analyses demonstrate the relations between both kinds of effects & respondents' personal history, representing the individual counterpart of historical conditions. Neighborhood socioeconomic status & occupational level are found to be significant predictors of both objective & subjective deprivation. The best predictor of subjective effects are the actual ones. It is concluded that relative deprivation is conditioned by the context of societal development in this region. 5 Tables, 29 References. Adapted from the source document.