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Wetland ecosystems hold an important part of the world's biodiversity and are complex social-ecological systems. Aiming to understand interdependencies among their components and to define management policies, the social-ecological trajectory of Oussudu lake – a wetland of Pondicherry region in South India – was reconstructed and analysed. During the last decades, this wetland has transformed from an irrigation tank to a lake to cater biodiversity conservation and recreation. The environmental history highlights a governance change that has contributed to "black boxing" the wetland's functional environment and to conceal major water issues at regional and local levels. This study emphasizes the importance of implementing an approach that combines the management of this urban lake commons with a multi-scalar, socio-ecological and multi-stakeholder analysis. A trade-off on the seasonal water regime between different users - including fauna and flora - has to be found. ; https://journals.grassrootsinstitute.net/journal1-natural-resources/vol-3/issue-4/nr.03-04-5.mathevetetal.pdf

International audience ; Economic anthropology has long advocated a broader vision of savings than the vision proposed by economists. This article extends this redefinitional effort by examining ceremonial gifts in India and arguing that they are a specific form of savings. Rural households, including those at the bottom of the pyramid, do save, in the sense of storing, accumulating and circulating value. But this takes place via particular forms of mediation that allow savers to forge or maintain social and emotional relations, to keep control over value-what matters in people's lives-and over spaces and their own future. We propose terming these practices relational and reproductive saving, insofar as their main objective is to sustain life across generations. By contrast, trying to encourage saving via bank mediation may dispossess populations of control over their wealth, their socialization, their territories and their time. In an increasingly financialised world of evermore aggressive policies to push people into financial inclusion, the social, symbolic, cultural and political aspects of diverse forms of financial mediation deserve our full attention.

International audience ; Economic anthropology has long advocated a broader vision of savings than the vision proposed by economists. This article extends this redefinitional effort by examining ceremonial gifts in India and arguing that they are a specific form of savings. Rural households, including those at the bottom of the pyramid, do save, in the sense of storing, accumulating and circulating value. But this takes place via particular forms of mediation that allow savers to forge or maintain social and emotional relations, to keep control over value-what matters in people's lives-and over spaces and their own future. We propose terming these practices relational and reproductive saving, insofar as their main objective is to sustain life across generations. By contrast, trying to encourage saving via bank mediation may dispossess populations of control over their wealth, their socialization, their territories and their time. In an increasingly financialised world of evermore aggressive policies to push people into financial inclusion, the social, symbolic, cultural and political aspects of diverse forms of financial mediation deserve our full attention.

International audience ; Economic anthropology has long advocated a broader vision of savings than the vision proposed by economists. This article extends this redefinitional effort by examining ceremonial gifts in India and arguing that they are a specific form of savings. Rural households, including those at the bottom of the pyramid, do save, in the sense of storing, accumulating and circulating value. But this takes place via particular forms of mediation that allow savers to forge or maintain social and emotional relations, to keep control over value-what matters in people's lives-and over spaces and their own future. We propose terming these practices relational and reproductive saving, insofar as their main objective is to sustain life across generations. By contrast, trying to encourage saving via bank mediation may dispossess populations of control over their wealth, their socialization, their territories and their time. In an increasingly financialised world of evermore aggressive policies to push people into financial inclusion, the social, symbolic, cultural and political aspects of diverse forms of financial mediation deserve our full attention.

This micro-level study combines multivariate and qualitative analyses to highlight the fragmented nature of debt in southern Indian rural households. It finds that debt is socially regulated in the sense that social interactions shape the cost, use and access to debt. Caste, social class and location affect how individuals borrow varying amounts from distinct money providers, for varied purposes and at differing costs. Debt thus is not purely an economic but first and foremost a social transaction which inscribes debtors and creditors into local systems of hierarchies. Furthermore, we find that debt is an illustration and catalyst of broader socio-economic and political trends, namely a lack of social protection, persistent under-employment and rising consumerism. In terms of policy implications, the study highlights the ambiguities and illusions inherent to 'financial inclusion' policies aiming to eradicate informal debt. Adapted from the source document.

Con base en el estudio de caso de una zona rural en el sur de la India argumentamos que la definición de sobreendeudamiento no puede restringirse a procesos de empobrecimiento material, puesto que las consecuencias de la deuda en términos de estatus social —los prestatarios valoran y clasifican las deudas de acuerdo con pérdidas de autorrespeto y dignidad— son de gran relevancia. El significado social de la deuda es tan importante como sus criterios financieros, depende de relaciones preexistentes entre deudores y prestamistas, y a su vez fortalece, preserva y en ocasiones reta ciertas posiciones preexistentes dentro de las jerarquías locales.

ABSTRACTThis article discusses the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on microfinance borrowers in Tamil Nadu, India. Through an examination of the social and financial infrastructures underpinning inclusive finance, the article demonstrates how the COVID‐19 pandemic exposes the limits and exclusionary tendencies of the for‐profit financial inclusion industry. The unequalizing breakdown of financial inclusion infrastructures during the pandemic prioritizes future revenue extraction over current livelihood needs, throwing hard‐hit borrowers back on hierarchical informal financial and social infrastructures to cope with COVID‐19‐induced risk. Tracing the experiences of poor microfinance borrowers in Tamil Nadu, this article examines how COVID‐19 is reshaping inclusive financial infrastructures in ways that reveal the dynamics of exclusion at the heart of financial inclusion.

International audience ; Wetland ecosystems hold an important part of theworld's biodiversity and are complex social-ecologicalsystems. Aiming to understand interdependencies amongtheir components and to define management policies, thesocial-ecological trajectory of Oussudu lake – a wetlandof Pondicherry region in South India – was reconstructedand analysed. During the last decades, this wetland hastransformed from an irrigation tank to a lake to caterbiodiversity conservation and recreation. Theenvironmental history highlights a governance changethat has contributed to "black boxing" the wetland'sfunctional environment and to conceal major waterissues at regional and local levels. This study emphasizesthe importance of implementing an approach thatcombines the management of this urban lake commonswith a multi-scalar, socio-ecological and multistakeholderanalysis. A trade-off on the seasonal waterregime between different users - including fauna andflora - has to be found.

International audience ; Wetland ecosystems hold an important part of theworld's biodiversity and are complex social-ecologicalsystems. Aiming to understand interdependencies amongtheir components and to define management policies, thesocial-ecological trajectory of Oussudu lake – a wetlandof Pondicherry region in South India – was reconstructedand analysed. During the last decades, this wetland hastransformed from an irrigation tank to a lake to caterbiodiversity conservation and recreation. Theenvironmental history highlights a governance changethat has contributed to "black boxing" the wetland'sfunctional environment and to conceal major waterissues at regional and local levels. This study emphasizesthe importance of implementing an approach thatcombines the management of this urban lake commonswith a multi-scalar, socio-ecological and multistakeholderanalysis. A trade-off on the seasonal waterregime between different users - including fauna andflora - has to be found.

International audience ; Wetland ecosystems hold an important part of theworld's biodiversity and are complex social-ecologicalsystems. Aiming to understand interdependencies amongtheir components and to define management policies, thesocial-ecological trajectory of Oussudu lake – a wetlandof Pondicherry region in South India – was reconstructedand analysed. During the last decades, this wetland hastransformed from an irrigation tank to a lake to caterbiodiversity conservation and recreation. Theenvironmental history highlights a governance changethat has contributed to "black boxing" the wetland'sfunctional environment and to conceal major waterissues at regional and local levels. This study emphasizesthe importance of implementing an approach thatcombines the management of this urban lake commonswith a multi-scalar, socio-ecological and multistakeholderanalysis. A trade-off on the seasonal waterregime between different users - including fauna andflora - has to be found.