Suchergebnisse

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to map anti-money laundering policy and its impact on money laundering. The AML system is discussed from the perspective of the compliance officer, who is responsible for translating AML law into practice in Belgian banks.


Design/methodology/approach
Literature review, based largely on a PhD study (2009) that involved a survey and interviews. Additionally, 12 compliance officers were interviewed in 2015.


Findings
The global AML system impacts significantly on issues of privacy and due process but has not yet been evaluated. The system's preventive effect is difficult to measure because of a lack of (cross-border) information. The way in which Risks are currently managed in diverse ways.


Research limitations/implications
Results from the first study in 2009 (based on interviews in 2007-2008) were potentially outdated. This recent update (2015) confirms that compliance officers are still dealing with the same issues.


Practical implications
The study clarifies the ways in which compliance and AML is dealt with and mapped, providing insights into an often closed setting.


Social implications
The battle against money laundering is very costly and intrusive, making the need for stringent evaluation more pressing.


Originality/value
The study is both original and valuable because compliance officers have rarely been the subject of research. The study discloses useful information about their role.

Relating the concept of power to motives and objectives for criminal activities results in different images of criminals and their motivations. In this article, we aim to reflect on two different forms of crime (burglary versus money laundering) starting from a power perspective. We describe how the pursuit of power may or may not be related to crime, perpetrators and the policies that have been developed to prevent or repress these types of crime. By examining the motives behind both burglary and money laundering, we try to make clear how the concept of power and power pursuit leads to different rationales in criminal conduct. We try to determine to what extent 'rational choice' plays a role in this respect. As a conclusion, we argue that 'power' as such influences patterns of crime, victimisation and societal reactions (by means of criminal policy). The extent to which power accumulation is an outcome of crime, will in part determine the social reaction to crime and as a result, the perceived threat of crime.

Les rapports police-parquet font régulièrement l'objet de discussions en Bel-gique. La qualité de ces relations est importante et peut être déterminante pour la manière dont ces deux institutions travaillent : en collaboration ou non. L'introduction, fin des années 1990, d'une nouvelle modalité de traite-ment pour la police en Belgique – le traitement policier autonome – pourrait impliquer un changement fondamental de ces relations. En 2001, une recher-che (ordonnée par la Politique scientifique fédérale) a été lancée pour évaluer cette nouvelle modalité de traitement, comportant une étude des systèmes existant dans les pays voisins. Dans cet article, nous présentons les Pays-Bas et l'Angleterre dans le but d'étudier les rapports police-parquet et leur évolu-tion.

Abstract
Since 2014, China's Ministry of Public Security has begun to reform the national police system, which involves internal command, criminal intelligence and welfare support systems. This research aims to explore how policing reform affects the daily law enforcement of frontline police officers and grassroot police units, and the views of frontline police officers on policing reform. The study also analyses the changes in the organisational structure of grassroot police units and the criminal intelligence system after the policing reform. The research methodology consisted of the researchers conducting a textual analysis of work reports issued by multiple local police units and reform reports in newspapers, and investigating the views of frontline police officers on policing reform. The study found that the reform did help enhance the law enforcement capabilities of grassroot police units and frontline police officers. Most frontline police officers additionally supported the policing reform. However, the policing reform has also led to issues such as the indiscriminate expansion of police power and the work pressure on frontline police officers. Finally, this study is an exploratory observation of China's national police system and can provide new insights into research on policing and the understanding of Chinese policing practices. It can additionally provide different countries with new information about policing reform.