Suchergebnisse

Recent research evidence on domestic and sexual violence have linked violence with increased risk of acquiring HTV and adverse health in women. This paper explores the link between wife abuse and different aspects of male sexual health using data from 2 surveys among 1279 married men and 553 married women in a Mumbai slum community. Three categories of sexual health problems were considered: symptoms indicative of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), performance related problems and the prevalent South Asian semen anxiety. Ten percent of both men and women reported wife beating in the last year. The severity of abuse reported by women is clearly correlated with the prevalence of all three categories of the husband's sexual problems as perceived by the wife. Among perpetrators of abuse we show the expected correlation of reported STI symptoms, extramarital sex and domestic violence. However, the semen-related problems are also associated with increased risk behaviour. Performance related problems are shown to be strongly associated with domestic violence among perpetrators. Other important correlates of abuse are related to personal history. Both perpetrators of violence and beaten women were more likely to come from families with a history of abuse. Having in-laws who were dissatisfied with the dowry increased the likelihood of experiencing physical abuse by nearly 4 times. Husbands and wife's sexual and reproductive health are clearly related in complex ways, and pathways not limited to sexual risk behaviour and transmission of STIs only. Wife beating is an important factor affecting women's health, and importantly linked with the sexual fears and inadequacies in men.

Classical "functionalist" theories of migration are compared in this paper with neo-Marxian models and both are found inadequate to explain international trends in migration and the Canadian experience of immigration since World War II. An alternative "global systems model" of international and internal migration is put forward which takes into account the movements within and between industrial and postindustrial societies, as well as movements from less developed to more developed areas.

Efforts to promote gender equality have recognized the importance of involving men and boys. Yet, in general, we have done little in terms of large-scale research in the Global South to understand how men are responding to the global gender equality agenda. This article presents findings from the International Men and Gender Equality Survey (IMAGES), one of the most comprehensive efforts of its kind to gather data on men's attitudes and practices related to gender equality in eight low- and middle-income countries: Brazil, Chile, Mexico, India, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Rwanda. It provides a current picture of men's attitudes about gender and gender equality, explores the determinants of equitable attitudes, and investigates the associations between equitable attitudes and relationship behaviors. We find that men report positive but ambivalent attitudes toward gender equality, and that education, income, and more equitable practices in men's childhood homes are associated with men's more equitable attitudes and practices. Finally, we show that in most countries, men's equitable attitudes are also associated with more equitable practices, including more participation in the home and reduced use of violence, as well as higher sexual satisfaction. The findings suggest both the need for program approaches that change attitudes, as well as policy and structural approaches that create lived experiences of gender equality for men. Given how much early childhood experiences influenced men's adult attitudes and practices, the findings also emphasize the need for programs and policies to promote equitable caregiving.