Suchergebnisse

Résumé Pays d'émigration pendant des siècles, l'Espagne est devenue un pays d'immigration depuis une vingtaine d'années : la part de la population étrangère y est passée de 0,9 % en 1991 à 8,5 % en 2005. L'Espagne ayant un taux de fécondité parmi les plus bas du monde, l'impact potentiel de l'immigration sur son avenir démographique est important. Pourtant, on s'y est encore assez peu intéressé à la fécondité des immigrées. Cet article compare les indicateurs de fécondité respectifs des Espagnoles et des immigrées en exploitant les données individuelles de l'état civil et analyse l'évolution récente de la fécondité en fonction de la région d'origine à partir des données du recensement de 2001. Les résultats montrent que les écarts de fécondité constatés entre les Espagnoles et les étrangères s'expliquent en grande partie par des différences de profil socio-démographique, en particulier en termes d'âge et de niveau d'instruction. Comme certains effets supposés de l'immigration sur la fécondité dépendent de la durée de séjour dans le pays d'accueil, l'article compare aussi les niveaux de fécondité de différentes cohortes d'immigrées et met en évidence des modèles qui s'accordent à la fois avec l'hypothèse de l'adaptation et avec celle de la rupture.

Treball fi de màster de: Master's Degree in Specialized Economic Analysis ; Directors: Fernando Broner; Antonio Ciccone; Jaume Ventura ; We capitalise on the 2006 implementation of a minimum wage for the hospitality sector to make well-evidenced inferences about the impact of the upcoming National Minimum Wage (NMW) Legislation on low-wage workers. Our paper focuses on the two largest low-wage sectors currently without minimum wage regulation, which are manufacturing and construction. Two regression specifications and sensitivity analysis are used to provide insights into the implications for wages, hours worked, employment, formality and poverty rates. In light of our results and a comprehensive review of the literature, we conclude that the NMW will be largely beneficial for low-wage labourers. Our critical recommendation for policymakers is the need for complementary policies to ensure compliance and facilitate the transition of vulnerable groups (particularly black women) into the formal sector. ; Aprofitem la implementació d'un salari mínim per al sector de l'hosteleria de 2006 per fer inferències ben contrastades sobre l'impacte de la futura legislació del salari mínim interprofessional (SMI) en els treballadors de baixos salaris. El nostre article se centra en els dos sectors més grans amb baixos salaris actualment sense regulació del salari mínim, que són la fabricació i la construcció. S'utilitzen dues especificacions de regressió i anàlisi de sensibilitat per proporcionar informació sobre les implicacions dels salaris, hores treballades, ocupació, taxes de formalitat i de pobresa. Davant els nostres resultats i una revisió exhaustiva de la literatura, podem concloure que l'SMI serà clarament beneficiós per als treballadors amb salaris baixos. La nostra recomanació crítica per als responsables de les polítiques és la necessitat de polítiques complementàries per assegurar el compliment i facilitar la transició de colꞏlectius vulnerables (especialment les dones negres) en el sector formal.

Este artículo presenta un programa diseñado para intervenir por un periodo mínimo de 22 días, máximo un mes, en adultos mayores entre los 50 y 85 años con Trastorno Neurocognitivo leve (TNC) debido a la posible presencia de Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), para trabajar reminiscencias, actividades de la vida diaria, psicomotricidad y actividades de ocio. La evaluación se realizó mediante una entrevista inicial, y la aplicación del Test Mini examen del estado mental, el inventario de personalidad NEO - Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) y el inventario de depresión de Beck. Y para la intervención como tal se planearon 22 sesiones

O cimento Portland é o componente básico do concreto. A espectroscopia de fluorescência de raios X é uma técnica analítica estabelecida usada em fábricas de cimento em todo o mundo. Um estudo comparativo dos constituintes elementares presentes em cimentos Portland produzidos no Brasil foi realizado através da análise via EDXRF. Os principais elementos identificados e quantificados nas amostras de cimento foram Al, Ca, Fe, K, Si, S, Ti, Mn, Zn e Sr. Os principais componentes do cimento são cal (CaO), sílica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), óxido de ferro (Fe2O3), magnésia (MgO), álcalis (Na2O e K2O) e sulfatos (SO3). Os componentes C3S, C2S, C3A e C4AF foram calculados pela fórmula de Bogue. Foram feitas argamassa com água, cimento e areia para cada marca de cimento e foram realizadas análises para avaliar a resistência à compressão mecânica. Os corpos foram quebrados após a cura nos seguintes prazos: 1, 3, 7, 28 e 91 dias. Os resultados dos ensaios mecânicos foram correlacionados com os componentes encontrados nas diferentes marcas de cimento. Nossos resultados indicam que a resistência à compressão inicial pode variar muito de uma marca para outra e os valores para os potenciais do Bogue mostram grandes diferenças para C3S e C2S. Foi demonstrado por testes de resistência como é possível prever o comportamento das argamassas feitas com esses cimentos. Os cimentos provaram ser bons para a fabricação de argamassas e atendem às especificações Brasileiras.

The ongoing academization of gastronomic studies indicates the necessity for a commonly accepted classification system for cooks that does not contradict scientific approaches. This work discusses the fundamentals used by chefs and scientists to classify unelaborated food products; proposes taxonomic gastronomy as a new interdisciplinary framework that studies the taxonomy surrounding gastronomy; and presents a categorization of unelaborated food products that follows commonly accepted culinary criteria yet avoids contradiction by scientific knowledge. As little literature focuses on these issues, and similar experiences are scarce, it is concluded that further cross-disciplinary endeavors such as this will continue to be greatly fruitful. ; This work was carried out in the framework of the agreement between the Universitat de Barcelona and elBulliFoundation signed on 23 October 2012 and was subsidized by the Catalan government (grant number 2009SGR0403, 2014SGR1241, 2014SGR7, 2014SGR514, 2014SGR1315, 2014SGR1208, 2014SGR1480 and 2014SGR623). ; Peer reviewed

The goal of this research was to evaluate the chemical composition of some herbal products consumed in Brazil through the Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). The methodology used encompassed the selection of 14 plants' dried extracts and six ground plants. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of samples indicating the presence of As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Rb, Zr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Hg, Pb, Bi, Mo, and Pt in different concentrations. It is feasible that part of the contamination found in the herbal products come from the adjuvants/excipients used in the production process. Also, it was found that the extract production process seems to have a low efficiency for the extraction of the main chemical elements present in the ground plants. In the other hand, it has the benefit of reducing the contamination by harmful elements to health, such as heavy metals. EDXRF can replace atomic absorption spectrometry as low-cost and high precision technique to quantify all elements of interest in the pharmaceutical and food industries, within the limits established by regulatory agencies