Suchergebnisse

Mobility, as one of the most significant factors in maintaining the quality of life in cities, faces problems such as traffic congestion and environmental pollution. The rapid population growth in urban areas has had an impact on increased traffic, which is why many cities have decided to implement or improve existing intelligent transport systems (ITS) that reduce traffic congestion with more comfortable and safer pedestrian traffic. Although the population in developed and densely populated cities is familiar with multimodal transportation, inadequate urban transport systems and large individual transport in place continue to pose a major threat. The application of appropriate ITS systems manages traffic and mobility management that are present to residents and facilitate access to all forms of transport. The aim of this paper is to explore urban mobility examples of good traffic management practice for the possibility of their application in cities with issues such as traffic jams and accidents, low pedestrian safety, parking problems, etc.

Road-based electricity increasingly is being considered as an alternative fuel of the future that would replace or reduce dependence on oil and its derivatives, resulting in a reduction at the negative impact on the environment. More and more countries are introducing stricter measures on greenhouse gas emissions, while increasing incentives to buy EVs. This paper looks at the environmental impact of electricity in road transport in ecological, economic, and social terms, highlighting the greater need for more energy efficient EVs than conventional vehicles. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of the application of electricity concerning fossil fuel in road transport, i.e., to describe the impact of EVs on the environment regarding conventional vehicles. Analysis of the use of the EV or the development of electrical infrastructure that is improving and introduced at high speed has shown that only countries with a high standard can monitor trends of EV. Therefore, despite all the advantages of EVs, the strategies and measures adopted by the EU, the implementation of electricity as road transportation fuel does not have a significant echo in countries with a lower standard, at least until the reach and prices of EVs are closer to conventional ones.

In this article the energy efficiency in urban transport is analysed the implementation of which would result in the reduction of energy consumption and of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions and would thus ensure the urban transport system sustainability. Nowadays the relations of urban transport and IT solutions as well as the impact of urban transport on the community and environment are extensive. The integration of information flow in the decision making process related to the modern transport and urban mobility has to be brought to a higher level. The main goal is to upgrade the quality of life in the urban environment by improving intelligent transport systems, implementing new technologies and promoting the sustainable development. In the article the possibilities of urban transport improvement according to modern requirements of sustainability policy and environmental management are analysed. The aim of the paper is to point to unfavourable effects produced by the urban transport upon the sustainable development and mobility and to emphasize the significance of measures aimed at reaching sustainability and energy efficiency with particular emphasis on the implementation of new technologies and alternative fuels.

The study presents an analysis of the impact produced by the construction and modernization of road connections on the improvement and development of the port of Rijeka container terminal and on the growth of its competitiveness on the northern Adriatic traffic route. The paper focuses on the smoothing technique implementation as a quantitative prognostic method for road traffic. Considering the importance of container traffic within the total freight traffic in the port of Rijeka, prognostics is presented for lorry traffic on State road D – 404, which connects the container terminal of Brajdica to the expressway network to the hinterland. Thereby, the potential substratum gravitating to the container terminal and to the pertaining traffic route has been evaluated. Following description of the geographical, traffic-related and logistic situation of the port of Rijeka, the paper continues with technical and technological features of the container terminal of Brajdica and, in addition, with the significance of State road D – 404 for development of the container terminal of Brajdica and an analysis of lorry traffic trends on State road D – 404. Whereas there are confirmed assertions that there are significant differences found quite often between projected values and those ones actually obtained, the expected traffic trend values obtained by applying the smoothing technique using the moving averages method for 2017 have been assessed as satisfactory.

Warehousing and transportation support activities are an important part of the overall transportation sector. COVID-19 outbreak requires a prediction of future risks contingent in the overall economic predicament. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the analysis of possible adverse effects of this crisis on the Warehousing activity. We analysed a 10-year panel from 2008 to 2017 of 13 latest European Union member countries: Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, and Slovakia, and their data representing the "Warehousing and support activities for transportation" of the overall "Transportation and storage sector". We differenced the data to achieve stationarity and to lose the idiosyncratic effects present in the coefficients. We regressed the variables representing the overall economy on warehousing and transportation support activities. The null hypothesis of no-causation may be rejected for most causal conjectures with three successive test methods: Panel Pairwise Granger Causality test, Panel Estimated Generalized Least Squares with Fixed Effects, and Panel Generalized Method of Moments with First Differences. We conclude the changes in the overall economy have an impact on warehousing and transportation support activities in terms of its value added.Key words: warehousing, transportation support activities, panel analysis.

Due to its geographical situation, the port of Ploče has become a junction of land and sea routes within the Transport Corridor Vc, as a part of the Mediterranean Transport Corridor, passing through Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Hungary. The paper deals with the analysis of the connecting roads leading from the port of Ploče as well as with the evaluation of the respective road traffic volume. Although the congestion on certain road sections is related to the tourist transit traffic, the road traffic volume at the Transport Corridor Vc within Bosnia and Herzegovina indicates the need for the construction of a motorway to stretch out the Corridor. The planned modernisation will fundamentally improve the main road infrastructure on the Transport Corridor Vc that will facilitate the transport of goods and enable shorter travel time from the port of Ploče to the hinterland. Considering that the major portion of the freight transport from the port of Ploče uses road transport services, the envisaged modernisation will significantly increase competitiveness of the port, mostly due to the intermodal transport mode.

Regarding the organisation of the railway in Croatian ports, the institutional framework on which the railway within the port operates is relatively uncertain with potential conflicts of the national and EU legislation as well as diversities in practical approaches from the governing institutions towards empirical solutions on the field. This paper develops possible models for organisation of the management of rail transport services within the port area in order to research governance mechanism and provide standards of quality of railway operations, which are in accordance with the existing legal framework and on best practice solutions. This models are developed in order to enable several main principles important for port operations and business development such as transparency of the access conditions and service prices, single entry point, services in the rail terminal fully coordinated with the capacity allocation, performance scheme as part of the infrastructure charging system, performance targets in the form of indicators, access to topical reports on the service quality of the service in the port terminal, and implementation of the use-it-or leave-it rule.

Regarding the organisation of the railway in Croatian ports, the institutional framework on which the railway within the port operates is relatively uncertain with potential conflicts of the national and EU legislation as well as diversities in practical approaches from the governing institutions towards empirical solutions on the field. This paper develops possible models for organisation of the management of rail transport services within the port area in order to research governance mechanism and provide standards of quality of railway operations, which are in accordance with the existing legal framework and on best practice solutions. This models are developed in order to enable several main principles important for port operations and business development such as transparency of the access conditions and service prices, single entry point, services in the rail terminal fully coordinated with the capacity allocation, performance scheme as part of the infrastructure charging system, performance targets in the form of indicators, access to topical reports on the service quality of the service in the port terminal, and implementation of the use-it-or leave-it rule.

European Union's Integrated Maritime Policy is an attempt to coordinate complex and interdependent policies related to maritime affairs, and to tackle the issues concerning the allocation of ecological economic resources in a holistic, integrated manner. Since it is better in organisational terms to deal with local information locally, this new approach aims at reducing organisational centralisation, devolution in decision-making from hierarchies into networks of EU member states in accordance with the fundamental EU principle of subsidiarity, with the coordinating role of the EU Commission. The new policy approach also aims at increasing horizontal and vertical coordination of maritime policies at the EU level. Since the repelled Common Fishery Policies were not coordinated between member states, and were not coordinated with complementary industries, the spill-over effects affecting other complementary and competing industries were great. The paper provides an analytical overview of the Integrated Maritime Policy of the European Union, the manoeuvring space given to Croatia to unfold its own maritime policies within the EU IMP, its prospects, and the expected consequences of its implementation for Croatia.

The Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) has a significant impact on countries around the world and many states have introduced restrictions to transport. This includes keeping essential transport moving, for example to transport medical supplies and other essential goods. Many countries have closed their borders and imposed curfews in sharp reductions in transport demand also on regional and continental level. Public transport but also shared mobility services are vectors for distribution of the virus, on the other hand, they are severely impacted by travel bans and individual concerns in order to avoid public gatherings leading to reduced travel and transport demand. Different countries have dealt with these challenging circumstances in different ways - and, in some cases, the directives vary from city to
city. Cities in developing countries and emerging economies face bigger challenges than ever before.
At the beginning of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) google maps started to collect detailed statistics on the movement of people using location data from mobile devices. The paper analyzes the data obtained and shows the results for various areas of movement such as shops, recreation areas, parks, public transport and other. A comparison was made of the collected data in the Republic of Croatia, which had a solid measures, Italian Republic which had many affected during the pandemic and Kingdom of Sweden which had very mild measures during a pandemic. Therefore, a study was made on how measures affected the mobility of people in individual countries with different measures.

The paper tests for statistical association between employment and value added of freight transport industry and its component activities against overall economy in a ten-year panel ranging from 2008 to 2017 of the thirteen newest European Union member countries. In this paper, the nature of correlation between economic growth as the independent variable and freight transport industry as a dependent variable is examined. To achieve stationarity, and to lose autocorrelation and the idiosyncratic effects, the variables are first differenced. The results of the "Granger causality" tests show the null hypothesis of no-causation may be rejected for most conjectures with high F-Statistics as well as high statistical significance. The results of the Panel EGLS cross-section fixed effects do not reject the results gained by the Granger test, and the same may be said for the Panel Generalised Method of Moments First Differences test. The result of the Arellano-Bond test shows no serial correlation in the residuals. It has been concluded that changes in overall economy (value added and employment) have a significant and measurably strong impact on freight transportation and warehousing sector. This conclusion is useful in assessing future impacts on freight transport industry, especially as a consequence of contingent events.

The paper tests for statistical association between employment and value added of freight transport industry and its component activities against overall economy in a ten-year panel ranging from 2008 to 2017 of the thirteen newest European Union member countries. In this paper, the nature of correlation between economic growth as the independent variable and freight transport industry as a dependent variable is examined. To achieve stationarity, and to lose autocorrelation and the idiosyncratic effects, the variables are first differenced. The results of the "Granger causality" tests show the null hypothesis of no-causation may be rejected for most conjectures with high F-Statistics as well as high statistical significance. The results of the Panel EGLS cross-section fixed effects do not reject the results gained by the Granger test, and the same may be said for the Panel Generalised Method of Moments First Differences test. The result of the Arellano-Bond test shows no serial correlation in the residuals. It has been concluded that changes in overall economy (value added and employment) have a significant and measurably strong impact on freight transportation and warehousing sector. This conclusion is useful in assessing future impacts on freight transport industry, especially as a consequence of contingent events.

The paper tests for statistical association between employment and value added of freight transport industry and its component activities against overall economy in a ten-year panel ranging from 2008 to 2017 of the thirteen newest European Union member countries. In this paper, the nature of correlation between economic growth as the independent variable and freight transport industry as a dependent variable is examined. To achieve stationarity, and to lose autocorrelation and the idiosyncratic effects, the variables are first differenced. The results of the "Granger causality" tests show the null hypothesis of no-causation may be rejected for most conjectures with high F-Statistics as well as high statistical significance. The results of the Panel EGLS cross-section fixed effects do not reject the results gained by the Granger test, and the same may be said for the Panel Generalised Method of Moments First Differences test. The result of the Arellano-Bond test shows no serial correlation in the residuals. It has been concluded that changes in overall economy (value added and employment) have a significant and measurably strong impact on freight transportation and warehousing sector. This conclusion is useful in assessing future impacts on freight transport industry, especially as a consequence of contingent events.