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This section discusses the regulation of "lifestyle risks", a term that can apply to both substances and behaviours. Lifestyle risks take place along the line of "abstinence – consumption – abuse – addiction". This can concern substances such as food, alcohol or drugs, as well as behaviours such as gambling or sports. The section also addresses the question of the appropriate point of equilibrium between free choice and state intervention (regulation), as well as the question of when risks can be considered to be acceptable or tolerable. In line with the interdisciplinary scope of the journal, the section aims at updating readers on both the regulatory and the scientific developments in the field. It analyses legislative initiatives and judicial decisions and at the same time it provides insight into recent empirical studies on lifestyle risks.

This section discusses the regulation of "lifestyle risks", a term that can apply to both substances and behaviours. Lifestyle risks take place along the line of "abstinence – consumption – abuse – addiction". This can concern substances such as food, alcohol or drugs, as well as behaviours such as gambling or sports. The section also addresses the question of the appropriate point of equilibrium between free choice and state intervention (regulation), as well as the question of when risks can be considered to be acceptable or tolerable. In line with the interdisciplinary scope of the journal, the section aims at updating readers on both the regulatory and the scientific developments in the field. It analyses legislative initiatives and judicial decisions and at the same time it provides insight into recent empirical studies on lifestyle risks.

"Sport betting has become a truly global phenomenon, facilitated by new communication technologies. As a result, the development of deviances, from match-fixing to money laundering, has accelerated. This new reality has numerous implications, for both the regulation of this billion-dollar industry and the very integrity of sport, sport financing and betting operations. Written by an international team of academic researchers and industry professionals, International Sports Betting explores the central concepts of integrity and deviance, governance and policy, as well as perennial issues linked to the gambling sector, such as regulatory responsibilities and the fight against gambling addiction. Unlike other treatments of the gambling industry, the book offers a multi-disciplinary sociological and managerial critique that goes beyond a traditional focus on law and regulation. This is fascinating reading for any student, researcher or practitioner working in the areas of sport business, international business, international regulation, policy studies or gambling studies"--

This updated edition of Marketing Management and Communications in the Public Sector provides a thorough overview of the major concepts in public sector marketing and communications, two fields that have continued to grow in importance for modern public administrations. With extended coverage of topics such as social marketing and institutional communication, the authors skilfully build on the solid foundations laid down in the previous edition. Replete with real-world case studies and examples, including new material from the USA, Australia, and Asia, this book gives students a truly international outlook. Additional features include exercises and discussion questions in each chapter and an illustrative extended case study. This refreshed text is essential reading for postgraduate students on public management degrees, and aspiring or current public managers. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781315622309, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Public management and marketing -- Marketing and public marketing -- Basic marketing concepts -- Marketing information research -- Marketing strategy -- Marketing instruments -- Public communications ? an introduction -- Communications models and strategies -- Communications instruments -- Communication control -- Crisis communication -- Appendix: A case study -- Index.

Cover ; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; List of figures; List of tables; List of boxes; Part I; 1. Public management and marketing; 2. Marketing and public marketing; Part II; 3. Basic marketing concepts; 4. Marketing information research; 5. Marketing strategy; 6. Marketing instruments; Part III; 7. Public communications -- an introduction; 8. Communications models and strategies; 9. Communications instruments; 10. Communication control; 11. Crisis communication; Appendix: a case study; Index.

AbstractThis article analyzes barriers and facilitators to Afghan women's representation in the last 75 years, from Zahir Shah (1933–1973) to Ashraf Ghani (2014–2021) and now under the Taliban (2021–…). We conducted a qualitative analysis using administrative documents and related academic contributions from each period to address this topic. The analysis shows that the representation of women in Afghanistan's public administration (PA) has been limited and passive in terms of both numbers and impacts. Historically, Afghanistan's PA has remained a mostly patriarchal system, where prejudice and gender‐based discrimination are a reality in government organizational structures. Our findings show that socio‐economic and political realities have contributed to gender inequality and the underrepresentation of Afghan women in PA. These realities include international invasions, conflicts, frequent regime changes, and cultural elements, which encompass a strong traditional culture, specific religious and patriarchal mindsets, and an overall lack of attention to gender issues. Results also reveal that over the past 75 years, women have not been actively involved in the development and decision‐making processes in the country. As a result, Afghanistan has never experienced a representative PA that mirrors the demographical groups of society, notably women. This study indicates that the interests of Afghan women have mostly been ignored in the policy‐making process and that issues of diversity and gender equality in PA were not on the agenda of the different Afghan regimes.

This essay investigates justifications for the "necessity" of official secrecy, by tracing and structuring the rationales underlying it. Justifications will be investigated through the case of "national security secrecy," a prominent example of official secrecy. While the literature generally treats "national security secrecy" as unidimensional, this analysis demarcates several distinct rationales. Specifically, three justifications for national security secrecy are identified: the logic of crisis demanding the suspension of normal democratic processes (threat frame); the need for enabling and enhancing governance (effectiveness frame); and the delegation to and protection of decision makers (elite governance frame). The paper illustrates possible frictions, overlaps, and synergies between different rationales for national security secrecy, thus broadening the existing conceptualization away from transparency and secrecy as direct opposites. It further contributes to ongoing research on national security secrecy from a frame analysis perspective, thus linking theories, justifications, and practices of secrecy.