Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Contributors -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Key Issues and Progress in Understanding Climate Risk in Africa -- Introduction -- Planning for Adaptation and Building Resilience -- Decisions and Planning Needs Are Changing the Nature of Climate Information That Is Required -- Status of Climate Model Projections -- How Can We Improve the Use of Climate Information for Adaptation and Building Resilience? -- Conclusion and Outline of Following Chapters -- References -- Chapter 2: Climate Information: Towards Transparent Distillation -- Introduction -- Constructing Robust and Reliable Climate Information -- Robust Information -- Model Realism -- Model Evaluation -- Reliable Information and Reducing Uncertainty -- Sources of Uncertainty -- Reducing Uncertainty -- Climate Information Distillation -- Case Studies -- FRACTAL -- HyCRISTAL -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Co-production: Learning from Contexts -- Introduction -- Co-production in Climate Services -- Principles of Co-production -- Tailor to Context and Decision -- Deliver a Timely and Sustainable Service -- Build Trust -- Embrace Diversity and Respect Differences -- Enhance Inclusivity -- Keep Flexible -- Support Conscious Facilitation -- Communicate in Accessible Ways -- Ensure Value-Add for All Involved -- Improve Transparency of Forecast Accuracy and Certainty -- Case Studies -- AMMA-2050 -- FRACTAL -- UMFULA -- Identifying and Overcoming Challenges -- Trust -- Power and Respecting Different Forms of Knowledge -- Institutional Factors: Roles, Mandates and Incentives -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Decision-Making Heuristics for Managing Climate-Related Risks: Introducing Equity to the FREE Framework -- Introduction -- The FREE Framework of Heuristic Decision-Making.

This paper explores how climate risk information produced in the context of insurancerelated activities can support public climate adaptation planning. The central contribution is to outline how relevant climate risk information can translate into behaviour change, and the drivers and barriers that influence this in Sub-Saharan Africa. The insurance industry has the potential to catalyse greater use of climate information, either through existing insurance transactions or through capacity building and investment in data sharing and collaboration. We investigate the interplay of climate risk information and insurance processes from two angles: the use of climate risk data by those who provide insurance – with information as an input to the underwriting process; and the catalyst role of insurance for governments to move towards anticipatory climate risk management. We apply a multi-method approach, combining insights from a survey of 40 insurance experts with key informant interviews and document analysis from three complementary case studies: indemnity-based insurance of private assets in South Africa; parametric sovereign risk pool in Malawi; and collaboration on risk analytics and risk management advice (no insurance) in Tanzania. The analysis offers a new perspective on the catalyst role of insurance by focusing on the ways in which political economy factors, particularly incentives and relationships, influence this process. Overall, there appears to be clear scope for a dynamic interaction between insurers and governments where symbiotic use and generation of climate risk information can advance mutual goals. However, that ambition faces many challenges that go beyond availability and suitability of data. Limited trust, unclear risk ownership and/or lack of incentives are key barriers, even if there is risk awareness and overall motivation to manage climate risks. The three cases show the importance of sustained cross-sectoral collaboration and capacity building to increase awareness and utilization of ...

Government ministries are increasingly mainstreaming climate change adaptation within policies and plans. However, government staff in key implementing ministries need to be empowered to ensure effective delivery of policy goals. Motivation to act on climate change, combined with the capacity to make decisions and apply resources to programmes, is crucial. Informed by theories of motivation and workplace environments from social psychology and organisational theory, this paper reports findings from a questionnaire of government staff (103 respondents) in Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia. The questionnaire was designed using self-determination theory to investigate the role of external influences, institutional structures and resources and how these, in turn, affect staff motivation and capacities to design and implement new policies and strategies. The study finds that whilst external influences and hierarchical structures are recognised, these do not have a strong direct influence on staff motivation, but they do appear to inhibit capacities to act. The results show that lack of staff and limited government-allocated budget reduce the ability of ministries to be self-determined and set their own agendas. Instead they are dependent on donor-determined projects which may be selective in the aspects of climate change adaptation plans and policies they support and even divert focus away from government priorities.

Smallholder farmers in the sub-Saharan Africa are vulnerable to climate variability and change, and are thus in need of adaptation. Access to climate information, such as weather forecasts, has been identified as a potential enabler for improved adaptation, but such access tends to be strongly gendered. This study uses qualitative and quantitative data to assess the availability, accessibility and use of climate information among smallholder sugarcane farmers in southern Malawi, disaggregating data according to gender, age, education level and landholding size. We found that radio is the most common, and preferred, means of accessing forecasts for men and women, but that women farmers also prefer to access forecasts through a knowledge broker. Those farmers with higher levels of education (mostly men) prefer to also obtain forecasts via internet and cell phone. Most farmers consider the forecasts reliable, timely and understandable – more so in the case of men than women. Understanding gendered preferences and barriers to climate information access is crucial for benefits of adaptation to be accessed equitably. ; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Department for International Development UK Government. ; https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tcld20 ; hj2020 ; Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology