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AbstractThe author provides an analytical overview of NATO's relations with, and policies towards, its Central Asian Partners. Since 11 September 2001, pursuing deeper engagement with Central Asian governments responds to the — at times conflicting — requirements of realpolitik and of advancing core values upon which the Alliance was founded sixty years ago, and which are also enshrined in its Partnership for Peace (PfP). In analysing this tension between pragmatism and idealism, the article focuses on five main aspects. The author concludes that NATO's approach towards Central Asia reflects an ever-present/inherent tension between pursuing security imperatives, underlying interests and core values. The result is a complex and somewhat uneasy policy, which seeks to reconcile these at times contradictory elements. Hence the Alliance has pursued enhanced engagement with Central Asian Partners in the belief that through daily cooperation in key areas of NATO and/or common interest, some core democratic values would eventually be incorporated into Partners' approach towards security, the role of the military, and international co-operation, thus benefiting the long term process of democratisation.

This special issue comes almost two years after the momentous events began unfolding in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). The popular revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt, followed by reforms announced in Jordan and Morocco, all OSCE Mediterranean partners for co-operation, raised much early optimism in many OSCE quarters regarding both the change in the region and the reinvigoration of the four-decade old OSCE Mediterranean partnership. Adapted from the source document.

Vorgelegt wird ein Insider-Bericht über die Ereignisse im Leningrader Stadt-Sowjet zwischen den ersten demokratischen Wahlen zum Stadt-Sowjet 1990 und der Auflösung des Obersten Sowjet durch Jelzin im Oktober 1993. Der Verfasser richtet sein Augenmerk auf institutionelle und kulturelle Elemente des politischen Systems und zeigt, daß das Sowjetsystem selbst Auslöser der Krise war, die in den Ereignissen vom Oktober 1993 kulminierte. Die politische Kultur des Sowjetsystems erwies sich als inkompatibel mit den Erfordernissen der nach dem Ende der kommunistischen Herrschaft entstehenden Demokratie. Der Verfasser zeichnet ein lebendiges Bild der Auseinandersetzungen im Leningrader Stadt-Sowjet. Er zeigt, daß die Konflikte auf lokaler Ebene die Konfrontation zwischen Exekutive und Legislative auf nationaler Ebene widerspiegelten. (BIOst-Wpt)