Suchergebnisse

The authors wish to thank the laboratory, clinical, and nursing staff of HDP, whose high quality of service and cooperation have made this study possible. Financial support was provided by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) Portugal [PTDC/SAU-EPI/122400/2010], part of the EDCTP2 program supported by the European Union. JP was supported by a post doc fellowship from project [PTDC/SAU-EPI/122400/2010] and by fellowship [SFRH/BPD/95406/2013] from FCT. JP is thankful to the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases for a Research Grant, and would like to acknowledge the Study Group for Mycobacterial Infections. DM was supported by FCT fellowship [SFRH/BPD/100688/2014] and DM, IC MV are thankful to [GHTM UID/Multi/04413/20139] from FCT. CS was supported by FCT [SFRH/BD/73579/2010]. ; Tuberculosis (TB) poses a serious public health problem in Angola. No surveillance data on drug resistance is available and nothing is known regarding the genetic diversity and population structure of circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Here, we have genotyped and evaluated drug susceptibility of 89 Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Luanda. Thirty-three different spoligotype profiles corresponding to 24 different Shared International Types (SIT) and 9 orphan profiles were detected. SIT 20 (LAM1) was the most prevalent (n = 16, 18.2%) followed by SIT 42 (LAM9; n = 15, 17.1%). Overall, the M. tuberculosis population structure in this sample was dominated by LAM (64.8%) and T (33.0%) strains. Twenty-four-loci MIRU-VNTR analysis revealed that a total of 13 isolates were grouped in 5 distinct clusters. Drug susceptibility data showed that 22 (24.7%) of the 89 clinical isolates were resistant to one or more antibacillary drugs of which 4 (4.5%) were multidrug resistant. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a high predominance of LAM strains circulating in the Luanda setting and the presence of recent transmission events. The rate and the emergence dynamics of drug resistant TB found in this sample are significant and highlight the need of further studies specifically focused on MDR-TB transmission. ; publishersversion ; published

Tuberculosis among foreign-born patients is a key indicator of country-level epidemiological profiles and, of an increasing concern in Europe given the more intensified migratory waves of refugees. Since Portugal presents a lower immigrant-associated TB incidence rate when compared to other European countries, we sought to characterize the epidemiology and transmission dynamics among the foreign-born population coming from Portuguese-speaking countries that are associated with higher TB incidences. In the present study we analyzed 133 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from foreign-born individuals over a three-year period in Lisbon, Portugal, using molecular epidemiological methods such as spoligotyping and 24-loci MIRU-VNTR. Moreover, all strains were subjected to drug susceptibility testing. The genetic profiles obtained suggest that strain importation from Portuguese speaking countries plays a less important role in TB epidemiology but instead argue in favor of a high degree of penetrance of Portuguese endemic strains to the migrant population, including multidrug resistant strains, which is particularly relevant to active screening programs. ; Financial support was provided by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, for which we would like to would like to acknowledge the Study Group for Mycobacterial Infections;JP was supported by a post doc fellowship [SFRH/BPD/95406/2013] from FCT. The phylogenetic analysis work at Nalin Rastogi's lab was supported by a FEDER grant financed by the European Union and Guadeloupe Region (Programme Opérationnel FEDER-Guadeloupe-Conseil Régional 2014-2020, Grant number 2015-FED-192).MV is thankful to [GHTM UID/Multi/04413/2013] from FCT and toprojects "ForDILAB-TB" and "A implementação de um novo método de identificação rápida do complexo M. tuberculosis nos Laboratórios de Referência da Tuberculose de Maputo e Beira" from Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian and the Community of the Portuguese Speaking Countries (CPLP), as well as toour colleagues Ana Tavares and Sonia Dias for their valuable contribution with the epidemiological and health-care services provided to migrants in Portugal related aspects. CS was supported by FCT [SFRH/BD/73579/2010]. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

A screening of more than 1,500 drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed evolutionary patterns characteristic of positive selection for three alanine racemase (Alr) mutations. We investigated these mutations using molecular modeling, in vitro MIC testing, as well as direct measurements of enzymatic activity, which demonstrated that these mutations likely confer resistance to D-cycloserine. ; Funding Agencies|University of Otago; Health Research Council; Maurice Wilkins Centre; European Union [FP7-278864-2]; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF); Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal [UID/Multi/04413/2013, SFRH/BPD/100688/2014, SFRH/BPD/95406/2013]; Wellcome Trust [201344/Z/16/Z]; Medical Research Council UK [MR/K000551/1, MR/M01360X/1, MR/N010469/1]; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi; L2 Diagnostics LLC, New Haven; Pacific Biosciences, Inc.; Illumina, Inc.; European Society of Mycobacteriology; Hain Lifescience; UK Department of Health [HICF-T5-342, WT098600]; Wellcome Trust