The article is devoted to the analysis of existing experience in the application of agent-based approach by modeling migration processes carried out for ongoing development of complex agent-based models to simulate processes in the field of migration policy. Analysis showed that despite the advantages demonstrated by the agent-based approach compared with traditional methods of demographic research simulation reveals various difficulties in terms of simulating migration processes that nevertheless do not underestimate advantages of agent and other existing modeling approaches. Hybrid population-based agent modeling is a new emerging field of study that showed advantages by implementing this approach. The explosive population growth around the world over the past few decades has had an enormous impact on the level of natural resources, the state of the environment and the structure of society in many countries. The study of demographic and migratory trends and the dynamics of changes in the population structure plays a key role in the formation of domestic as well as global policies to achieve sustainable social and environmental development.
The authors of the article have analyzed the latest amendments made to the legislation of the Russian Federation aimed at the development of e-justice in civil and arbitration cases. The main methods of this study were formal-legal, comparative-legal and systematic. The authors positively assess the introduction of digital technologies into the field of judicial protection of the rights and interests of citizens and organizations in the Russian Federation. It seems that the informatization of legal proceedings and records management will serve as an effective means of implementing the principles of transparency and accessibility of justice in the Russian Federation. The use of e-justice aims at improving the quality of justice in the Russian Federation. Its components are as follows: filing documents in electronic form, meetings held through video conferencing, audio and video recording, receiving audio and video protocols through electronic communication systems by parties to some case, notifying parties using such resources as "Guard Arbiter", SMS, etc. Despite the general positive assessment of the amendments made to the Russian legislation on e-justice, the authors emphasize its certain shortcomings. The article dwells on the statutory regulation of e-justice in the Russian Federation and suggests possible ways to resolve legal conflicts. ; Se analizaron los últimos cambios en la legislación de la Federación de Rusia, dirigidos al desarrollo de la justicia electrónica en asuntos civiles y arbitrales. Los principales métodos de este estudio fueron formal-legal, comparativo-legal y sistemático. Se valoraron positivamente la introducción de tecnologías digitales en el ámbito de la protección judicial de los derechos y los intereses protegidos por la ley, de los ciudadanos y organizaciones en la Federación de Rusia. Se observa que la informatización de los procedimientos judiciales y legales servirá como un medio eficaz para implementar los principios de transparencia y acceso de la justicia en la Federación de Rusia. El uso de elementos de la justicia electrónica, como la presentación electrónica de documentos, la participación en una reunión mediante videoconferencia, el registro de audio y video, la posibilidad de que las personas involucradas en el caso obtengan protocolos de audio y video a través de sistemas electrónicos de comunicación, la notificación a los participantes en el proceso utilizando recursos como la "guardia electrónica", la notificación por SMS, etc., tiene como objetivo mejorar la calidad de la justicia rusa. A pesar de la evaluación general positiva de los cambios en la legislación de la Federación de Rusia sobre justicia electrónica, los autores señalan sus deficiencias individuales. El artículo refleja los problemas de la regulación normativa de la justicia electrónica en la Federación de Rusia y propone formas de resolver conflictos legales.
PurposeIn the recent two decades, a model of the labor market formed in Russia; it differs from the model that is peculiar for most developed countries. Its specific feature consists in the fact that adaptation to the fluctuations of the economic situation takes place by means of changes in the labor price, not by means of changes in employment and unemployment.Design/methodology/approachSuch model ensures high and stable level of employment and low level of unemployment with significant pro-cyclic fluctuations of wages. Changes that take place in the sphere of employment of population in labor markets and gradual implementation of collection of information in view of the forms of labor activities into the practices of different countries led to the necessity for reconsidering the previously adopted international standards.FindingsThis is due to the fact that the normative documents present the treatment of unemployment without the criterion "job search," and new indicators of measuring potential labor force and incomplete employment were adopted. The authors analyze the situation of labor underutilization, which is important for characterizing a region of the Russian Federation by the indicator of unmet need for employment.Originality/valueThe offered information could be used for wider monitoring of the labor market, studying the volume and tendencies in the sphere of unemployment, evaluating the problems of integration in the labor market, studying the connection between employment and poverty and forecasting the tendencies.
The authors analyze one of the most problematic areas in sphere of legal regulation – provision of protection of the copyright in Internet in Russia and in other countries. This sphere remains unregulated because of the difficulties with legal notion of Internet, which remains unclear and also technological aspects of the copyright protection with the means of civil legislation. The conducted analysis allowed to give the notion of Internet and revealed the types of breaches of copyrights in Internet. Authors come to conclusion that the lack of competent judges also leads to the insufficient protection of the copyright in Internet. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6p163
The decrease in the economic activity level around the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic spread has led to a sharp decrease in the crude oil price and provoked an oil war outbreak in the global energy market. The current situation has provoked the need for a total decrease in the crude oil production in the world. Considering that Russia is one of the main oil exporters on the world market, the need to determine the supply and demand levels for Russian oil is becoming relevant. The aim of the paper is to model predictive scenarios of Russian oil industry development, considering the specifics of the current economic environment given the COVID-19 pandemic. The multifactor correlation modeling method was used to form the system of indicators determining the level of demand and supply for Russian oil used and the total level of their influence. The functions determine the probability of implementing various scenarios of oil industry development depending on the predicted values of demand and supply. The three-sigma rule and the fuzzy sets method were used to estimate three scenarios of oil industry development for 2020-2021. Changes in revenues of the industry under the influence of forecast indicators of supply and demand for oil have been assessed and the probability of implementation of each of the scenarios has been reasoned. The results obtained are of a practical nature and can be used by government agencies, financial intermediaries, and scientists to diagnose Russian oil industry development. The results will be useful for oil companies to develop a strategy of open innovations for further design of the scientific information field for the effective functioning of the industry in complete uncertainty conditions.
The study determined the influence of the Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) on the financial markets during the COVID-19 pandemic. It investigated if the CBDC had the potential to improve the efficiency and lending power of the financial system. The research relied on secondary data from a range of financial markets, such as the FTSE, MSCI, Gold Index, S&P 500, and Dow Jones, collected during the COVID-19 period. The quantitative approach was employed using the statistical software SPSS to perform descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The results revealed that the financial markets were negatively impacted by COVID-19, but the CBDC saw a higher level of development during the same period. The statistical analysis showed a positive and significant relationship between the CBDC Attention Index, the Uncertainty Index, and various financial market indices, with regression analysis indicating a significant impact of the CBDC Attention Index on all financial market indices except the Gold Index. However, this study has some limitations, including its limited scope of financial markets. Despite this, these results have important implications for academics and policymakers. It is recommended to increase the use of CBDC through well-crafted policies and legislation to fully realize its potential impact on the financial system. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-SPER-013 Full Text: PDF
