Suchergebnisse

Europe Confronts Terrorism examines the institutional, political, security and reforms that have taken place in Europe since the catastrophic terrorist attacks in the United States in 2001. The tragic attacks in Madrid on 11 March 2004 - to date, the worst terror attack on European soil - demonstrated that Europe was also a target, and emphasized the necessity of decisively defeating the al-Qa'ida organization, movement and network. Europe undertook a number of reforms, not only as a response to the terror attacks, US unilateralism and individual country concerns about becoming the next target

Since the end of the Cold War, the international community, and the USA in particular, has intervened in a series of civil conflicts around the world. In a number of cases, where actions such as economic sanctions or diplomatic pressures have failed, military interventions have been undertaken. This 1999 book examines four US-sponsored interventions (Panama, Somalia, Haiti and Bosnia), focusing on efforts to reconstruct the state which have followed military action. Such nation-building is vital if conflict is not to recur. In each of the four cases, Karin von Hippel considers the factors which led the USA to intervene, the path of military intervention, and the nation-building efforts which followed. The book seeks to provide a greater understanding of the successes and failures of US policy, to improve strategies for reconstruction, and to provide some insight into the conditions under which intervention and nation-building are likely to succeed

The U.S. government needs a new, two-pronged approach to counter radicalization in many parts of the world, particularly when confronting the "enabling environment." Those inhabiting this environment include potential sympathizers in the Arab and Muslim world who may not themselves use violence but either endorse the arguments and platforms of the terrorists or are intimidated into silence. This wider community needs to be won over so that they oppose terrorism in their neighborhoods, cities, and states and, critically, in the virtual world, where many of the battles are taking place. Appealing to the enabling environment may be the only way in the long term to isolate terrorists and end terrorism. This two-part approach includes (1) a prioritized development strategy (with an emphasis on good governance, anticorruption, and social service provision) and (2) innovative tools and new partners to implement and disseminate it.

The U.S. government needs a new, two-pronged approach to counter radicalization in many parts of the world, particularly when confronting the 'enabling environment.' Those inhabiting this environment include potential sympathizers in the Arab and Muslim world who may not themselves use violence but either endorse the arguments and platforms of the terrorists or are intimidated into silence. This wider community needs to be won over so that they oppose terrorism in their neighborhoods, cities, and states and, critically, in the virtual world, where many of the battles are taking place. Appealing to the enabling environment may be the only way in the long term to isolate terrorists and end terrorism. This two-part approach includes (1) a prioritized development strategy (with an emphasis on good governance, anticorruption, and social service provision) and (2) innovative tools and new partners to implement and disseminate it. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright The American Academy of Political and Social Science.]

Transatlantic Convergence on Confronting Root Causes of Terrorism : Rhetoric or Reality ? In the immediate aftermath of September 11 th , the US government, along with other members of the hastily assembled counter-terrorist coalition, responded primarily through accelerated police, military, and intelligence activity, as well as by adopting and applying new financial and legal instruments. Approximately one and a half years later, and two wars on, the United States government formalized this effort to deal with root causes when it published its National Strategy for Combating Terrorism (February 2003). A closer examination of these factors reveals that while some energy has been dedicated to understand and tackle the causes of terrorism in the two years since the attacks in America, the response has not been adequate. Indeed, the rhetoric – on both sides of the Atlantic – has not yet been satisfactorily matched by realistic and robust reforms.

By the beginning of Sept, Iraq appeared on the verge of imploding. Coalition soldiers were being cherry-picked on a daily basis, critical infrastructure destroyed, & large car bombs killed hundreds at the UN compound, the Jordanian Embassy, & a mosque in Najaf. The loss of life in all these attacks has been devastating, with some of the best & brightest Iraqis, international civil servants, & soldiers murdered. President George Bush is keen for help to defeat those he calls the 'enemies of freedom.' But who should help -- the UN or even NATO? Adapted from the source document.

Debunks three common myths: (1) Terrorism would cease if the US stopped ignoring the plight of Palestinians. (2) Terrorism arises naturally out of poverty. (3) Collapsed states are breeding grounds for terrorists. Although these arguments contain partial truths, a more incisive understanding of causality is needed to develop an effective counterterrorist campaign. Terrorists responsible for the attacks of 11 September 2001 were not poor, uneducated, or from failed Arab states. There is some evidence that a higher socioeconomic status may be positively correlated with support for/participation in acts of terror. Further, contact with the Western world not only fail to guarantee the eradication of extremist views, but often intensifies feelings of alienation. The importance of education is explored to argue that the international community must support quality public education for all children in developing countries & work to reestablish an effective government in places where it is absent. The impact of financial support by fundamentalist charities is discussed. J. Lindroth

Discusses US leadership role in the war against terrorism, international cooperation and support, the Al Qaeda terrorist network, financial aspects, and international strategy and policy options; potential role of Great Britain. Debate between "night raiders" who support nation building in Afghanistan and elsewhere, and "reluctant intervenors".

Examines developments in democratization and nation building after US-sponsored military interventions since the end of the Cold War; policy options. Adapted from the author's book "Democracy by force," Cambridge University Press, 1999. Factors behind military response, changes in peacekeeping operations, proposes a trilateral approach: reestablishing security, empowering civil society and strengthening democratic institutions, and international coordination.