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De Nederlandse provincies en Europa
In: Civis mundi: tijdschrift voor politieke, filosofie en cultuur, Volume 40, Issue 3-4, p. 169-170
ISSN: 0030-3283
De eigenheid van regio's in Europa - Een bijdrage tot het debat over regiovorming
In: Res publica: politiek-wetenschappelijk tijdschrift van de Lage Landen ; driemaandelijks tijdschrift, Volume 41, Issue 1, p. 87-100
ISSN: 0486-4700
Nieuwe stabiliteiten, nieuwe prioriteiten
In: Militaire spectator: MS ; maanblad ; waarin opgen. de officie͏̈le mededelingen van de Koninkl. Landmacht en de Koninkl. Luchtmacht, Volume 162, Issue 1, p. 34-37
ISSN: 0026-3869
Professor Rüter, the Director of the Institute
In: International review of social history, Volume 10, Issue 3, p. 355-359
ISSN: 1469-512X
Trade and Industry
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Volume 245, Issue 1, p. 55-61
ISSN: 1552-3349
Burgerschap van recht tot eis - Burgerschap wordt tegenwoordig gelijkgesteld aan integratie en maatschappelijke participatie. Dat is niet altijd zo geweest
In: Openbaar bestuur: tijdschrift voor beleid, organisatie en politiek, Volume 19, Issue 12, p. 26-31
ISSN: 0925-7322
Autonomie
In: Synthese: an international journal for epistemology, methodology and philosophy of science, Volume 4, Issue 1, p. 280-291
ISSN: 1573-0964
Europese federatie - In 2010 stond het nieuws over Europa in het teken van de redding van de euro. Is het einde van de euro in zicht? Welke gevolgen heeft de crisis voor het maatschappelijk draagvlak van de Europese integratie?
In: Openbaar bestuur: tijdschrift voor beleid, organisatie en politiek, Volume 21, Issue 4, p. 16-21
ISSN: 0925-7322
Environmental taxes:Implementation and environmental effectiveness
In: Ekins , P , Andersen , M S , Vos , H , Gee , D (ed.) , Schlegelmilch , K (ed.) & Wieringa , K (ed.) 1996 , Environmental taxes : Implementation and environmental effectiveness . EEA. Environmental issues series. , no. 1 , Publications Office of the European Union , Luxembourg .
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY1.Although the 5th Environmental Action Programme of the EU in 1992 recommended the greater use of economic instruments such as environmental taxes, there has been little progress in their use since then at the EU level. At Member State level, however, there has been a continuing increase in the use of environmental taxes over the last decade, which has accelerated in the last 5-6 years. This is primarily apparent in Scandinavia, but it is also noticeable in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom.2.Evaluation studies of 16 environmental taxes have been identified and reviewed in this report. Within the limitations of the studies, it appears that these taxes have been environmentally effective (achieving their environmental objectives) and they seem to have achieved such objectives at reasonable cost. Examples of particularly successful taxes include those on sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in Sweden, on toxic waste in Germany, on water pollution in The Netherlands, and the tax differentials on leaded fuel and 'cleaner' diesel fuel in Sweden.3.Taxes as such have potential negative impacts on competitiveness and on employment, Most barriers to implementation, especially of energy (particularly on specific sectors or regions); and on low income groups can be overcome by: a) careful design, b) the use of environmental taxes and respective revenues as part of policy packages and green tax reforms, c) gradual implementation; d) extensive consultation and information. 4.As environmental concerns move from point-source emissions and problems, such as industrial emissions from pipelines and chimneys, to include more diffuse and mobile sources of pollution, such as solid waste, or from the agricultural and transport sectors, there is increased scope for the greater use of taxes, as well as other market based instruments, at both Member States and EU level.If environmental taxes are well designed and implemented to exploit the advantages described above, they could deliver improvements in four key areas of public policy: a) the environment; b) innovation & competitiveness; c) employment, and d) the tax system. These are the main conclusions of a report on environmental taxes by the European Environment Agency (EEA), requested by the European Parliament. The report provides an overview of the main issues involved in environmental taxes, with a particular focus on their environmental effectiveness and on the political barriers to their implementation. It provides illustrative examples of environmental taxes only; comprehensive reviews are available from OECD (1995).http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/92-9167-000-6-sum/page002.html [Summary available in 10 languages]
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