Suchergebnisse

This article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the process of political competition during the European integration process in Montenegro. While unanimously endorsing the process of its EU accession, political parties in the country are at odds with each other regarding almost all other issues of substantial importance for its past and future, including Montenegro's state independence. This article intends to show what is in the European Union that brings divided Montenegrin political parties together, and asks if it is the EU at all? The article argues that because of the late political transition resulting from the process of dissolution of the former Yugoslavia, the main determinants of party contestation on EU integration in Montenegro differ from those in most Western and East/Central European countries. The article demonstrates that neither the ideological profile of Montenegrin political parties nor the EU's leverage on the country's political elite during the transition period can serve as adequate explanations of this process. Instead, it posits that embracing the pro-EU stance was the easiest and arguably the most effective way for the parties under observation to establish some discontinuity with their Miloševićera shady political past, providing them with a new source of the previously lost political legitimacy.

Modern development of international relations, on the turn from 20th into the 21st century, including political, economical, scientific-technological and ecological relations, reflects on tourism progress in Europe and in the world. Expectations and scientific evaluations in 21st century predict it to be the century of great progress based on knowledge and balance of international relations, but current tendencies indicate negative characteristics due to terrorism, Iraq war, war between Israel and Palestine, all disturbing this vision of harmony. It is obvious that these processes will influence on development of political international relations, movements in economical perspective and progress contradictions. Tourism progress encountering progress of scientific-technological development, particularly informational technology, and significance of ecological development, as a presumption for healthy progress, all of these being important presumptions for tourism development in 21st century. ; Suvremeni razvoj međunarodnih odnosa, pri čemu prvenstveno podrazumijevamo razvoj suvremenih političkih, ekonomskih, znanstveno-tehnoloških i ekoloških odnosa bitno utječe na razvoj turizma u Europi, kao i u svijetu ekoloških odnosa bitno utječe na razvoj turizma u Europi, kao i u svijetu na prijelazu iz 20. u 21. stoljeće. Taj utjecaj posebno dolazi do izražaja na početku 21. stoljeća, i sva očekivanja i znanstvene procjene, da će 21. stoljeće biti stoljeće razvoja na temelju znanja i ravnoteže u međunarodnim odnosima pokazale su se nerealnim, jer trenutne tendencije u međunarodnim odnosima pokazuju negativne karakteristike. To je prvenstveno uvjetovano sa razvojem međunarodnog terorizma, potom ratom u Iraku, kao i stalnim sukobima na Bliskom istoku, a naročito kontinuirani rat između Izraela i Palestine, bitno remeti tu viziju o jednom harmoničnom političkom, ekonomskom i znanstveno-tehnološkom razvoju. Radi toga je očito da će na razvoj turizma u svijetu i Europi u 21. stoljeću utjecati upravo ti procesi u razvoju međunarodnih političkih odnosa, ali isto tako bitan će utjecaj imati suvremena kretanja u međunarodnim ekonomskim odnosima, osobito tendencije u ekonomskom razvoju, kao i proturječnosti u tom razvoju. Istodobno na razvoj turizma u 21. stoljeću bitno će utjecati suvremeni znanstveno-tehnološki razvoj, osobito razvoj informacijskih tehnologija, kao i njihova implementacija u razvoju turizma. U tom kontekstu treba sagledati i značenja ekološkog razvoja u svijetu, kao bitne pretpostavke održivog razvoja u svjetskim razmjerima, što će bitno utjecati na razvoj turizma u 21. stoljeću. ; Im Übergang aus dem 20. in das 21. Jahrhundert wird die moderne Entwicklung der internationalen Verhältnisse einschliesslich der politischen, ökonomischen, wissenschaftlich-technologischen und ekologischen Verhältnisse auf den Progress im Tourismus sowohl in Europa als auch in der ganzen Welt reflektiert. Die Erwartungen und die wissenschaftliche Wertschätzung in dem 21. Jahrhundert zeigen, dass dies ein Jahrhundert des grossen Aufschwunges ist, welcher sich auf dem Wissen und dem Gleichgewicht der internationalen Verhältnisse basiert. Jedoch die gegenwärtigen Tendenzen zeigen negative Aspekte wegen dem Terrorismus, des Krieges in Irak, des Konfliktes zwischen Israel und Palestina und hat einen negativen Wiederschein auf eine ausgeglichene harmonische Entwicklung. Es ist offensichtlich, dass diese Prozesse die Entwicklung politischer internationaler Verhältnisse, die Bewegungen in ökonomischer Perspektive und die Widersprüche in der Entwicklung beeinflussen. Die Entwicklung im Tourismus umfasst die wissenschaftlichtechnologische Entwicklung insbesondere die Entwicklung der Informationstechnologie und die Bedeutung der Ekologieentwicklung als die Voraussetzung für einen gesunden Aufschwung. All dies ist eine wichtige Vorbedingung für die Tourismusentwicklung im 21. Jahrhundert.