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Everyone needs knowledge about the media and information systems in order to express themselves and have a critical awareness towards media and different kinds of information content. Media and information literacy is perhaps the most important and significant tool for developing this kind of knowledge and ability. Media literacy definitions have been discussed in research literature for decades. Different models on media and information literacy include different parts. Potter (2010) approached the concept with the help of three questions: 1) What are the media? 2) What do we mean by media literacy? 3) What should be the purpose of media literacy? The answers to these questions are complementary to each other and there is no need to try to agree on only one consensus definition. Similarly, a recent review of research articles by Lauri Palsa and Heli Ruokamo (2015) concludes that the definitions are multifaceted and that there is no consensus about the definition. The authors further argue that there is no need to find a general agreement. Rather, multiple media literacies should be discussed, which would possibly help contextualise different media literacy definitions and help both practitioners and researchers to understand each other. PinterestTwitter

Through the advent of social media, news achieves a life of its own online. The media organisations partly lose control over the diffusion process, and simultaneously individuals gain power over the process, and become opinion leaders for others. This study focuses on news sharers and news shared (or rather, interacted), and has three RQ:s: 1) What characterizes the people who share news in social media, 2) Have the characteristics of interacted news changed over time? and 3) Are there differences between news content interacted by ordinary people and news highlighted by media organisations? Two different studies have been conducted: A representative survey and a quantitative content analysis.The main results are that the opinion leaders differ from the majority by being younger, with a greater political interest, single and more digital in their general lifestyle, both concerning news consumption and other aspects. The content analysis shows that the most interacted news on social media follow the traditional news values rather well, with a few exceptions. Most apparent is that interacted news is more positive over time and compared to print front-page news. Accidents and crime dominate print front-pages, while politics is more prominent in interacted news.

Reader comments have been a growing part of user-generated content on news sites for some 10 years now. Although activity is still relatively low, interest among the public is generally high; however, journalists still show a general resistance to audience participation. The aim of our study is to examine attitudes to reader comments from two different perspectives: the public's and the journalists'. The findings derive from one Swedish survey from each group, both of which had a response rate of about 60%. The main result shows that a large proportion of the public does not have any opinion on reader comments, but when they do, support is widespread. Furthermore, journalists have stronger opinions and are rather critical towards reader comments.

In the last decade, the development of small, remotely operated multicopters with cameras, so-called drones, has made aerial photography easily available. Consumers and institutions now use drones in a variety of ways, both for personal entertainment and professionally. The application of drones in media production and journalism is of particular interest, as it provides insight into the complex interplay between technology, the economic and legal constraints of the media market, professional cultures and audience preferences. The thematic issue Journalism from Above: Drones, the Media, and the Transformation of Journalistic Practice presents new research concerning the role of drones in journalism and media production. The issue brings together scholars representing a variety of approaches and perspectives. A broad selection of empirical cases from Finland, Spain, Sweden, the UK and the US form the basis of an exploration of the changing relations between the media, technology and society. The articles address topics such as: Adaption of drone technology in the news-rooms; audience preferences and reactions in a changing media landscape; the relation between journalists and public authorities who use drones; and attitudes from journalistic practitioners as well as historical and future perspectives.