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"As developing countries with recent histories of isolation and extreme poverty, followed by restoration and reform, both Cambodia and Vietnam have seen new opportunities and demands for non-state actors to engage in and manage the effects of rapid socio-economic transformation. This book examines how in both countries, civil society actors and the state manage their relationship to one another in an environment that is continuously shaped and (re)constructed by changing legislation, collaboration and negotiation, advocacy and protest, and social control. Further, it explores the countries' divergent experiences whilst also uncovering the underlying basis and drivers of civil society activity that are shared by Cambodia and Vietnam. Crucially, this book engages with the contested nature of what civil society is and means, by looking at contemporary discourses and manifestations of civil society in the two countries, national-level NGOs and agencies, and translocal networks that operate in a variety of sectors, such as gender, the environment and health"--

For many years, water resources management in Vietnam was concentrated on activities ensuring the available freshwater for agricultural production, including flood control. With the increase of water demands and the emergence of new water usages since the late 1980s, this has subsequently changed. During the past two decades, and within the context of a broad economic transition process, the water sector has undergone a series of reforms, including various attempts to integrate environmental concerns; however, many challenges in water resources management still prevail to date. This paper starts with a brief overview on the historical development of water resources management in Northern and Southern Vietnam, in order to identify the roots of the current system. It then focuses on state management institutions in the water sector, mapping out the administrative apparatus and legal framework in order to understand how state management in the water sector is organised and practically works. Accordingly, national policies as well as its implementation in practices are examined. The paper concludes on the existing challenges for water resources management and indicates that the nation's overall pro economic growth aspirations still dominate over environmental concerns. Moreover, the political and administrative systems lack provisions for integrated, sustainable and long-term planning. A centralist top-down approach still prevails; whereas locally diverse problems require local solutions.

Nach einer Darstellung der allgemeinen Rahmenbedingungen im heutigen Burkina Faso untersucht die Autorin die soziale und ökonomische Stellung der burkinischen Frau. Zunächst analysiert sie anhand zweier ausgewählter Ethnien, den Mossi und den Dagari, die Sozialstruktur, in der das jeweilige Verwandtschaftssystem für die weibliche Lebenswelt eine große Bedeutung hat. Im Vordergrund stehen Heirat, Mutterschaft und Alter, bzw. die hier relevanten sozialen Institutionen und Machtverhältnisse. Basierend auf eigenen empirischen Erhebungen in elf Dörfern der Region Po-Ouest in der Provinz Bougouriba untersucht die Autorin dann die Rolle der Frau in der bäuerlichen Ökonomie: Frauen verrichten hauptsächlich die unentlohnten Reproduktionsarbeiten in der Landwirtschaft und spielen eine immer bedeutendere Rolle in der Nahrungsmittelversorgung. Nach einer Bilanz der burkinischen Frauenpolitik und der Auswirkungen von Entwicklungshilfe auf Frauen werden zahlreiche Frauenorganisationen dargestellt. Abschließend faßt die Autorin die Partizipationsmöglichkeiten der Burkinerinnen in der Politik und im nationalen Entwicklungsprozeß zusammen. (DÜI-Hff)

For many years, water resources management in Vietnam was concentrated on activities ensuring the available freshwater for agricultural production, including flood control. With the increase of water demands and the emergence of new water usages since the late 1980s, this has subsequently changed. During the past two decades, and within the context of a broad economic transition process, the water sector has undergone a series of reforms, including various attempts to integrate environmental concerns; however, many challenges in water resources management still prevail to date. This paper starts with a brief overview on the historical development of water resources management in Northern and Southern Vietnam, in order to identify the roots of the current system. It then focuses on state management institutions in the water sector, mapping out the administrative apparatus and legal framework in order to understand how state management in the water sector is organised and practically works. Accordingly, national policies as well as its implementation in practices are examined. The paper concludes on the existing challenges for water resources management and indicates that the nation's overall pro economic growth aspirations still dominate over environmental concerns. Moreover, the political and administrative systems lack provisions for integrated, sustainable and long-term planning. A centralist top-down approach still prevails; whereas locally diverse problems require local solutions.

Vietnam's agrarian system has profoundly changed since the government initiated its renovation policy in 1986. Various policy directives and institutional reforms have been aimed at increasing the production of cash crops for the export markets and ensuring the nation's food security. The government has undertaken considerable investments in irrigation and water control to boost local rice production, especially in the Mekong Delta. Today, a large water bureaucracy plans, implements and maintains the hydraulic infrastructure, but farmers have to contribute to funding and managing the irrigation systems. In this context, water user groups started to emerge from the 1990s onwards. This study on the trajectory of group development in Can Tho City shows that party-state authorities strongly stimulate group formation processes and organise the collaboration between farmers and the state. As a result, water user groups have become an integral part of local water management and instrumental in meeting the state-mandated production targets in agriculture.

Rund 32.000 Fachkräfte leisteten einen Entwicklungsdienst im Globalen Süden. Obwohl dies nach dem Entwicklungshelfer-Gesetz "ohne Erwerbsabsicht" stattfindet, wurde bislang nicht untersucht, inwiefern sich eine solche Tätigkeit und Engagement wechselseitig bedingen. Dieser Beitrag untersucht zwei Forschungsfragen: (1) Inwieweit ist Engagement-Bereitschaft ausschlaggebend für die Aufnahme eines Entwicklungsdienstes? (2) Inwieweit sind Fachkräfte vor und nach dem Entwicklungsdienst engagiert und wie verändert sich das Engagement durch den Dienst? Auf Basis einer quantitativen Studie lässt sich festhalten, dass (i) Engagement-Bereitschaft die entscheidende Motivation für den Entwicklungsdienst darstellt, (ii) die meisten Fachkräfte bereits vor ihrem Entwicklungsdienst engagiert waren, und (iii) der Entwicklungsdienst vor allem durch eine Vertiefung der Engagement-Bereitschaft und Verbreiterung von Engagement-Formen qualitativ nachwirkt. Diese Befunde werden vor dem Forschungsstand zu internationalen Freiwilligendiensten diskutiert.

As developing countries with recent histories of isolation and extreme poverty, followed by restoration and reform, both Cambodia and Vietnam have seen new opportunities and demands for non-state actors to engage in and manage the effects of rapid socio-economic transformation. This book examines how in both countries, civil society actors and the state manage their relationship to one another in an environment that is continuously shaped and (re)constructed by changing legislation, collaboration and negotiation, advocacy and protest, and social control. Further, it explores the countries' divergent experiences whilst also uncovering the underlying basis and drivers of civil society activity that are shared by Cambodia and Vietnam. Crucially, this book engages with the contested nature of civil society and how it is socially constructed through research and development activities, by looking at contemporary discourses and manifestations of civil society in the two countries, including national and community-level organisations, associations, and networks that operate in a variety of sectors, such as gender, the environment and health. Drawing on extensive fieldwork conducted in Cambodia and Vietnam, this book will be of huge interest to students and scholars of Southeast Asian studies, Southeast Asian politics, development studies and civil society.