Suchergebnisse

Much of the discourse on female sexual practices in early modern Japan centred on masturbation, usually with a dildo, deemed necessary for a woman's mental and physical health when the male member was unavailable. References to female same‐sex relations suggest that they too made sense in situations where men were absent. Some sex manuals treated female sexual arousal within the context of conjugal relations, while a text written for wives in polygamous marriages places female sexual practice at the service of male interests. The texts analysed here show not only that early modern Japanese held different attitudes toward sex than their western counterparts, but also that they could hold multiple attitudes at the same time.

Dans le Japon moderne à l'époque des Tokugawa (1600-1868), la famille constitue le fondement socio-économique et religieux, à tous les échelons de la société. C'est vrai pour le shogun, au sommet de la hiérarchie (qui se distingue lui-même en utilisant le nom de Tokugawa pour désigner sa propre lignée), c'est vrai aussi pour les couches inférieures de la société, les roturiers (paysans, artisans, marchands), pour lesdaimyô, les seigneurs qui gouvernent leurs domaines au nom du chôgun mais sans lui rendre vraiment de comptes ainsi que pour les guerriers (samouraïs) qui, dans les villes, servent dans les administrations du shogun ou celles desdaimyô. L'ensemble de la pyramide sociale obéit à ce principe. En théorie du moins, puisque statut social et lieu de résidence se transmettent héréditairement, il détermine donc le champ des possibilités offertes aux hommes et aux femmes.

"Few things make Japanese adults feel quite as anxious today as the phenomenon called the "child crisis." Various media teem with intense debates about bullying in schools, child poverty, child suicides, violent crimes committed by children, the rise of socially withdrawn youngsters, and forceful moves by the government to introduce a more conservative educational curriculum. These issues have propelled Japan into the center of a set of global conversations about the nature of children and how to raise them. Engaging both the history of children and childhood and the history of emotions, contributors to this volume track Japanese childhood through a number of historical scenarios. Such explorations--some from Japan's early-modern past--are revealed through letters, diaries, memoirs, family and household records, and religious polemics about promising, rambunctious, sickly, happy, and dutiful youngsters."--Provided by publisher.