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In: Journal of Holy Land and Palestine Studies: a multidisciplinary journal, Band 16, Heft 1, S. 79-98
ISSN: 2054-1996
This article intends to reveal the power dimensions and ideological positions embedded in dominant media discourses. Informed by theories of media representation as well as those of colonialism and Orientalism, this article analyses eight articles from two British daily online news media sources, namely, The Guardian and The Telegraph. The methodological framework adopted draws on Fairclough's (1995) conception of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine textual features, and employs Bazzi's contextual analysis model with an emphasis on ideology. These methodologies are utilised in an effort to investigate the British media's representational and discursive strategies concerning a wave of stabbing incidents in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict during the six-month violence between October 2015 and March 2016. The results indicate that violent actions are framed in a binary fashion, between self and other, and that the discursive strategies employed position Palestinian subjects as unworthy victims or violent initiators, whereas Israelis were represented relatively positively, in order to inscribe the accepted values in British society and foreign policy. This article attempts to contribute to the discussion on the impact of media agencies embedded within a particular societal and political context, and comments upon their ability to foster and disseminate hegemonic ideologies, which in turn reinforce systemic power inequalities in times of conflict.
In: East Asian Popular Culture
Part I: Power of China in global sports culture -- Chapter 1 -- " 'Big does not even begin to describe her enduring impact': Global sports development and China as sporting superpower" by Oliver Rick & Longxi Li -- Chapter 2 -- "Five teams, one world: Global audiences for the Chinese Professional Baseball League in the wake of COVID-19" by Nick Bowman, Alex Hsu, & Lindsey Resignato -- Chapter 3 -- "Country of Origin Bias in Portrayal of East Asian and Asian American Athletes: The NBA-Hong Kong Episode" by Olga Vilceanu & Julia Richmond -- Part II: Sports media portrayals of East Asian athletes and leagues -- Chapter 4 -- " 'No Attack, No Chance': Takuma Sato's Race Against the Trope of 'Bad Asian Drivers' " by Dung Q. Tran -- Chapter 5 -- "Intersecting race, gender and sports: How Japanese news media depict tennis stars Naomi Osaka and Kei Nishikori" by Steve Bien-Aimé & Yasue Kuwahara -- Chapter 6 -- "Making Sense of Korean Baseball: Articulating Race, Gender, and Cultural Hegemony in the North American Media Coverage of Korean Baseball Organization (KBO) during the 2020 Baseball Season" by Daniel Yu-Kuei Sun à Ask authors if they're willing to add two or three paragraphs of about what Koreans know and think about the broadcasts? -- Chapter 7 -- "Framing KBO: ESPN, media discourse, and the cultural identity of Korean baseball" by Travis R. Bell & Taeyeon Oh -- Part III: Sports media portrayals of North American athletes of Asian descent -- Chapter 8 -- "The post-hoc Canadian Dream: Canadian newspapers' representation of the two 'China Clippers' " by Chen Chen -- Chapter 9 -- "Linsanity and its aftermath: Sports journalism framing of Jeremy Lin" by Bill Cassidy -- Chapter 10 -- "Portrayals of Asian Athletes in NBC's Primetime Broadcast of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics" by Paul J. MacArthur & Lauren Reichart Smith -- Part IV: Finding self amid holding multiple identities -- Chapter 11 -- "In-between Korean nationalism and U.S. exceptionalism: Chloe Kim's return to South Korea as a U.S. national athlete" by Seonah Kim -- Chapter 12 -- "Contesting 'Lin'inality: The evolution of Jeremy Lin's racial subjectivity" by Stephen Cho Suh, Alex Manning, and Kyle Green -- Chapter 13 -- "Naomi Osaka, Racial Hybridity, and Black Femininity in Tennis" by Shearon Roberts.
In: Habitat international: a journal for the study of human settlements, Band 69, S. 27-36
In: Buildings--2075-5309-- Vol. 11 Issue. 5 No. 202 pp: -
Most countries have developed green building rating tools that are based on social, environmental, and economic dimensions. Pakistan followed a similar approach and has developed a rating tool known as Sustainability in Energy and Environmental Development (SEED). However, SEED is built on developed western countries' rating tool standards which do not address Pakistan's unique local context, especially from the cultural and governmental perspectives. This research aims to fill this research gap by developing a holistic framework of building rating tools that incorporates cultural and governmental dimensions. Based on an extensive literature review, a hypothetical framework, incorporating Pakistan's unique local contexts and adding cultural and governmental dimensions to the widely adopted social, environmental, and economic dimensions of sustainability, was proposed in this paper. This framework was further validated by in-depth interviews with multiple stakeholders in Pakistan. A qualitative analysis of the interview results was carried out, and the final framework was proposed with key indicators, reflecting all five dimensions of sustainability. The verified sustainability framework can be used to improve or develop green building rating tools for Pakistan, and it can also inform other developing countries' rating tool development.
BASE
In: Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, Band 8, Heft 2, S. 109-124
The present article offers a conceptual model for how the cognitive processes associated with perspective-taking facilitate social coordination and foster social bonds. We suggest that the benefits of perspective-taking accrue through an increased self-other overlap in cognitive representations and discuss the implications of this perspective-taking induced self-other overlap for stereotyping and prejudice. Whereas perspective-taking decreases stereotyping of others (through application of the self to the other), it increases stereotypicality of one's own behavior (through inclusion of the other in the self). To promote social bonds, perspective-takers utilize information, including stereotypes, to coordinate their behavior with others. The discussion focuses on the implications, both positive and negative, of this self-other overlap for social relationships and discusses how conceptualizing perspective-taking, as geared toward supporting specific social bonds, provides a framework for understanding why the effects of perspective-taking are typically target-specific and do not activate a general helping mind-set. Through its attempts to secure social bonds, perspective-taking can be an engine of social harmony, but can also reveal a dark side, one full of ironic consequences.
Many previous studies have reported that the occupational health and safety (OHS) enforcement is poor in developing countries, however these studies have mainly focused on the broader enforcement problems and not fully considered the challenges confronting the institutions responsible for enforcing OHS standards at workplaces. In this study, twelve potential challenges were identified from an extensive literature review, then an empirical investigation was carried out via a questionnaire survey from OHS inspectors and professionals in the Ghanaian construction industry. The twelve challenges were confirmed and ranked. Also, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation were used to determine the statistical significance of the responses and the relationships between the challenges. Based on these findings, this study provides practical strategies for government, OHS inspectors and other professionals within the construction industry to improve the OHS enforcement. The research findings can also be adopted as a basis to assess challenges confronting OHS institutions in other developing countries.
BASE
In: Organization science, Band 34, Heft 6, S. 2508-2525
ISSN: 1526-5455
Social movements seek allies as they campaign for social, political, and organizational changes. How do activists gain allies in the targeted institutions they hope to change? Despite recognition of the importance of ally support in theories about institutional change and social movements, these theories are largely silent on the microdynamics of ally mobilization. We examine how the labeling of organizational policies that benefit women influences potential workplace allies' support for these policies. We theorize that one barrier to mobilizing workplace allies is a misalignment of the labels that activists use to promote new policies and employees' affiliation with collective identities. We conducted five experiments to test our hypotheses and 26 qualitative interviews to provide illustration of our core concepts. We demonstrate that employees high in feminist identification are more likely to support feminist-labeled (feminist and #MeToo) than unlabeled policies, whereas those low in feminist identification are less likely to support feminist-labeled than unlabeled policies (Studies 1–3). However, we find that participants for whom organizational identification was high (whether measured or manipulated) and feminist identification was low supported organizationally labeled policies more than feminist-labeled polices (Studies 4 and 5). This illustrates that policies whose aims may not align with one collective identity can still garner support by activating another relevant collective identity. Within our studies, we provide evidence that these effects are mediated via feelings of pride in the organization (and not fear or anger), suggesting that positive emotions are a central mechanism in mobilizing workplace allies. History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1492 .
In: Journal of Applied Psychology, Forthcoming
SSRN
In: Organization science, Band 24, Heft 3, S. 757-772
ISSN: 1526-5455
A purported downside of social category diversity is decreased relationship focus (i.e., one's focus on establishing a positive social bond with a coworker). However, we argue that this lack of relationship focus serves as a central mechanism that improves information processing even prior to interaction and, ultimately, decision-making performance in diverse settings. We introduce the construct of premeeting elaboration (i.e., the extent to which individuals consider their own and others' perspectives in the anticipation of an interaction) and explore its link with social category diversity and relationship focus. Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrate that when disagreement occurs, social category diversity increases premeeting elaboration, with relationship focus as a central causal mechanism. Experiment 3 shows that premeeting elaboration has important implications for performance: disagreeing dyads with social category diversity elaborate more prior to meeting and, as a result, perform better on a decision-making task than those with social category homogeneity. We discuss the value of studying early-stage interaction and propose a reconsideration of the "downside" of social category diversity.
In: Human relations: towards the integration of the social sciences, Band 77, Heft 4, S. 505-532
ISSN: 1573-9716, 1741-282X
We extend research on goal-contingent rewards and bottom-line mentality (BLM) by drawing on goal-shielding theory to examine BLM as a goal-shielding process that explains the link between goal-contingent rewards and pro-self, unethical behavior. We also examine future orientation as a first- and second-stage moderator and suggest that the detrimental effects of goal-contingent rewards and subsequent BLMs are weakened for employees who have high future orientations. We tested our hypotheses with two field studies and found general support for our predictions. Overall, our findings suggest rewards that are contingent on goal attainment prompt organizational members to solely focus on their bottom-line outcomes, which in turn drives their pro-self, unethical behaviors, but these indirect effects are less likely for those who are high on future orientation, because they approach their work with a longer-term perspective. The theoretical and practical implications of this research are discussed.