Suchergebnisse

"Now fully revised and updated, The United States and China offers a comprehensive synthesis of US-Chinese relations from initial contact to the present. Balancing the modern (1784-1949) and contemporary (1949-present) periods, Dong Wang retraces centuries of interaction between two of the world's great powers from the perspective of both sides"--

Increasingly, human beings are sensors engaging directly with the mobile Internet. Individuals can now share real-time experiences at an unprecedented scale. Social Sensing: Building Reliable Systems on Unreliable Data looks at recent advances in the emerging field of social sensing, emphasizing the key problem faced by application designers: how to extract reliable information from data collected from largely unknown and possibly unreliable sources. The book explains how a myriad of societal applications can be derived from this massive amount of data collected and shared by average individuals. The title offers theoretical foundations to support emerging data-driven cyber-physical applications and touches on key issues such as privacy. The authors present solutions based on recent research and novel ideas that leverage techniques from cyber-physical systems, sensor networks, machine learning, data mining, and information fusion.Offers a unique interdisciplinary perspective bridging social networks, big data, cyber-physical systems, and reliabilityPresents novel theoretical foundations for assured social sensing and modeling humans as sensorsIncludes case studies and application examples based on real data setsSupplemental material includes sample datasets and fact-finding software that implements the main algorithms described in the book Dong Wang is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the University of Notre Dame. He received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC) in 2012, an M.S. degree from Peking University in 2007 and a B.Eng. from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China in 2004, respectively. Dong Wang has published over 30 technical papers in conferences and journals, including IPSN, ICDCS, IEEE JSAC, IEEE J-STSP, and ACM ToSN. His research on social sensing resulted in software tools that found applications in academia, industry, and government research labs. His work was widely reported in talks, keynotes, panels, and tutorials, including at IBM Research, ARL, CPSWeek, RTSS, IPSN, and the University of Michigan, to name a few. Wang's interests lie in developing analytic foundations for reliable information distillation systems, as well as the foundations of data credibility analysis, in the face of noise and conflicting observations, where evidence is collected by both humans and machines.

Tracing the contours of the unequal treaties in imperial China, 1840-1911 -- Implementing and contesting international law : the unequal treaties and the foreign ministry of the Beijing government, 1912-1928 -- Disseminating the rhetoric of Bupingdeng Tiaoyue, 1923-1927 -- Redeeming a century of national ignominy : nationalism and party rivalry over the unequal treaties, 1928-1947 -- Universalizing international law and the Chinese study of the unequal treaties : the paradox of equality and inequality -- Conclusion: Defining and redefining the past

The setting : Honglok, Guangzhou, and Canton Christian College (Lingnan University) -- Cultural migration : Lingnan as a foreign and local institution -- Financing god's higher education : management and governance -- The advance to higher learning : women's education, power and modernization -- From Lingnan to Pomona : Charles K. Edmunds and his Chinese-American career -- Conclusion : memories and legacies of Lingnan

Ideological and political education in college curriculum is the fundamental task of "cultivating morality and cultivating people". The article shows that the implementation of "curriculum ideology and politics" improved the overall level of ideological and political education at the historic moment in China

Abstract
Social think tanks play an irreplaceable role in the field of public governance because of their unique objective perspectives and expertise. But there has disproportionately inadequate research into social think tanks. At present, researches and explorations concerning social think tanks are largely mixed with studies on "think tanks," and there are still no institutes, groups or periodicals which work specifically as platforms through which social think tanks are evaluated, monitored and supported. To effectively address such problems as the direction, methodology, priorities and points of penetration for research on social think tanks, it is necessary to have a comprehensive, systematic understanding of present researches into social think tanks. By conducting searches in the CNKI database, 224 articles were chosen for statistical analysis in seven respects, namely, year of publication, author, organization with which the author works, theme, citation, concentration of research, and journal involved. Based on analysis findings, this paper suggests building a platform by which to evaluate and monitor researches on social think tanks, establishing an echelon-based model of professional training for social think tanks, stepping up development of social think tanks in western China or the remote and poor parts of the country, optimizing mechanisms for the transformation and application of research outcomes of social think tanks, increasing support to weak fields of research on social think tanks, and conducting research into major and difficult problems confronting social think tanks.

Microblog service (such as Twitter and Sina Weibo) have become an important platform for Internet content sharing. As the information in Microblog are widely used in public opinion mining, viral marketing and political campaigns, understanding how information diffuses over Microblogs, and explaining the process through which some tweets become popular, are important.The analysis of the information diffusion in Microblogs involves the data collection from Microblog, the modeling on information spreading and using the resulting models. Dealing with the huge amount of data flowing through microblogs is by itself a challenge. Designing an efficient and unbiased sampling algorithm for Microblog is therefore essential. Besides, the retweeting process in Microblog is complex because of the ephemerality of information, the topology of Microblog network and the particular features (such as number of followers) of publisher and retweeters.Two traditional models have been used for information diffusion : Independent Cascades and Linear Threshold models. However no one of them can describe completely the retweeting process in Microblog accurately. The analysis and design of new models to characterize the information diffusion in Microblog is therefore necessary. Moreover, a comprehensive description of the correlation between the information diffusion in Microblog and the searching trends of keywords on search engines is lacking although some work has been found some preliminary relationships.This work presnets a complete analysis of information diffusion in Microblog from. The contributions and innovations of this thesis are as follows:1)There are two popular unbiased Online Social Network (OSN) sampling algorithms,Metropolis-Hastings Random Walk (MHRW) and Unbiased Sampling for Directed Social Graph (USDSG) method. However they are both likely to yield considerable self-sampling probabilities when applied to Microblogs where there is local. To solve this problem, I have modelled the process of OSN sampling as a Markov process and have deduced the sufficient and necessary conditions of unbiased sampling. Based on this unbiased conditions, I proposed an efficient and unbiased sampling algorithms, Unbiased Sampling method with Dummy Edges (USDE), which reduces strongly the self-sampling probabilities of MHRW. The experimental evaluation demonstrate thats the average node degree of samples of MHRW and USDSG is 2 - 4 times as high as the ground truth while USDE can provide the approximation of ground truth when the sampling repetitions are removed. Moreover the average sampling time per node in USDE is only a half of MHRW and USDSG one.2)A second contribution targets the shortages of Independent Cascades (IC) and Linear Threshold (LT) models in characterizing the retweeting process in Microblogs. I achieve this by introducing a Galton Watson with Killing (GWK) model which considers all the three important factors including the ephemerality of information, the topology of network and the features of publisher and retweeters accurately. We have validated the applicability of the of GWK model over two datasets from Sina Weibo and Twitter and showed that GWK model can fit 82% of information receivers and 90% of the maximum numbers of hops in the real retweeting process. Besides, the GWK model is useful for revealing the endogenous and exogenous factors which affect the popularity of tweets.3) Motivated by the correlation between popularity and trendiness of topicsin Microblog and search trends, I have developed an economic analysis of the market involving a third-party ad broker, which is a popular market in current SEM, and finds that the adwords augmenting strategy with the trending and popular topics in Twitter enables the broker to achieve, on average, four folds larger return on investment than with a non-augmented strategy, while still maintaining the same level of risk. ; Les services de microblogging (comme Twitter ou Sina Weibo) sont devenu ces dernières années des plateformes très importantes de partage d'information sur l'Internet. Les microblogs sont fréquemment utilisé pour l'analyse de l'opinion, le marketing viral, et les campagnes politiques. Comprendre les mécanismes sous-jacents de la diffusion d'information sur les microblogs et comment des contenus deviennent populaires est important.L'analyse de la diffusion d'information dans les microblogs nécessite la collecte de donnée des microblogs, la modélisation de la diffusion d'information et l'application des modèles résultants. Traiter les données massives issues des microblogs est un défi en soi. Concevoir des algorithmes efficaces et sans biais afin d'échantillonner les microblogs est ainsi fondamental. Ceci doit prendre en compte la complexité du phénomène de « retweet » qui dépend de la valeur éphémère de l'information, de la topologie du réseau de microblogging et des caractéristiques particulières des éditeurs et retweeteurs.Deux modèles ont été traditionnellement appliqués à la diffusion d'information : les cascades indépendantes et modèle à seuil linéaire. Aucun de ces deux modèles n'est à même de décrire le processus du retweeting de façon correcte. Il devient donc nécessaire de de caractériser la diffusion d'information. De plus, une description complète de la relation entre la diffusion d'information dans les microblogs et de popularité des termes recherchés sur Internet serait utile.Ces travaux de thèse présentent une analyse complète de la diffusion d'information dans les microblogs. Les contributions ce cette thèse sont les suivantes :1) Il y'a deux technique d'échantillonnage sans biais pour les réseaux sociaux : la marche aléatoire de Métropolis-Hastings (MHRW), et la méthode d'échantillonnage sans biais de graphes dirigés (USDSG). Néanmoins ces deux méthodes peuvent aboutit à un taux important d'auto-échantillonnage quand elles sont appliquées à des microblogs. Pour résoudre ce problème, j'ai modélisé l'échantillonnage d'un OSN par un processus de Markov et j'en ai déduit les conditions nécessaires et suffisantes d'un échantillonnage sans biais. Ces conditions m'ont permis de proposer un algorithme d'échantillonnage sans biais et efficace que j'ai nommé : échantillonnage sans biais par liens vide (USDE). Cette nouvelle méthode d'échantillonage réduit fortement l'auto-échantillonnage du MHRW. L 'évaluation empirique montre que la moyenne des dégrées des nœuds échantillonnés est proche de la vérité terrain alors que pour MHRW et USDSG elle est 2 à 4 fois supérieure.2) La seconde contribution de cette thèse vise les lacunes des modèles en cascades indépendantes et de seuils linéaires. J'ai développé un modèle fondé sur les processus de Galton-Watson avec mort (GWK) qui prennent en compte tous les facteurs importants du processus de retweet. Ce nouveau modèle est validé par une application sur des données issues de Twitter et de Weibo.3) La troisième contribution est relative au développement d'un modèle économique du marché des acteurs actifs dans le domaine du marketing sur les mots clés dans les sites de recherches. J'ai développé des méthodes de gestion de portfolios de mots clés et montrés que ces portfolios permettent d'améliorer fortement les rendements sans augmenter le niveau de risque.

Microblog service (such as Twitter and Sina Weibo) have become an important platform for Internet content sharing. As the information in Microblog are widely used in public opinion mining, viral marketing and political campaigns, understanding how information diffuses over Microblogs, and explaining the process through which some tweets become popular, are important.The analysis of the information diffusion in Microblogs involves the data collection from Microblog, the modeling on information spreading and using the resulting models. Dealing with the huge amount of data flowing through microblogs is by itself a challenge. Designing an efficient and unbiased sampling algorithm for Microblog is therefore essential. Besides, the retweeting process in Microblog is complex because of the ephemerality of information, the topology of Microblog network and the particular features (such as number of followers) of publisher and retweeters.Two traditional models have been used for information diffusion : Independent Cascades and Linear Threshold models. However no one of them can describe completely the retweeting process in Microblog accurately. The analysis and design of new models to characterize the information diffusion in Microblog is therefore necessary. Moreover, a comprehensive description of the correlation between the information diffusion in Microblog and the searching trends of keywords on search engines is lacking although some work has been found some preliminary relationships.This work presnets a complete analysis of information diffusion in Microblog from. The contributions and innovations of this thesis are as follows:1)There are two popular unbiased Online Social Network (OSN) sampling algorithms,Metropolis-Hastings Random Walk (MHRW) and Unbiased Sampling for Directed Social Graph (USDSG) method. However they are both likely to yield considerable self-sampling probabilities when applied to Microblogs where there is local. To solve this problem, I have modelled the process of OSN sampling as a Markov ...

Microblog service (such as Twitter and Sina Weibo) have become an important platform for Internet content sharing. As the information in Microblog are widely used in public opinion mining, viral marketing and political campaigns, understanding how information diffuses over Microblogs, and explaining the process through which some tweets become popular, are important.The analysis of the information diffusion in Microblogs involves the data collection from Microblog, the modeling on information spreading and using the resulting models. Dealing with the huge amount of data flowing through microblogs is by itself a challenge. Designing an efficient and unbiased sampling algorithm for Microblog is therefore essential. Besides, the retweeting process in Microblog is complex because of the ephemerality of information, the topology of Microblog network and the particular features (such as number of followers) of publisher and retweeters.Two traditional models have been used for information diffusion : Independent Cascades and Linear Threshold models. However no one of them can describe completely the retweeting process in Microblog accurately. The analysis and design of new models to characterize the information diffusion in Microblog is therefore necessary. Moreover, a comprehensive description of the correlation between the information diffusion in Microblog and the searching trends of keywords on search engines is lacking although some work has been found some preliminary relationships.This work presnets a complete analysis of information diffusion in Microblog from. The contributions and innovations of this thesis are as follows:1)There are two popular unbiased Online Social Network (OSN) sampling algorithms,Metropolis-Hastings Random Walk (MHRW) and Unbiased Sampling for Directed Social Graph (USDSG) method. However they are both likely to yield considerable self-sampling probabilities when applied to Microblogs where there is local. To solve this problem, I have modelled the process of OSN sampling as a Markov process and have deduced the sufficient and necessary conditions of unbiased sampling. Based on this unbiased conditions, I proposed an efficient and unbiased sampling algorithms, Unbiased Sampling method with Dummy Edges (USDE), which reduces strongly the self-sampling probabilities of MHRW. The experimental evaluation demonstrate thats the average node degree of samples of MHRW and USDSG is 2 - 4 times as high as the ground truth while USDE can provide the approximation of ground truth when the sampling repetitions are removed. Moreover the average sampling time per node in USDE is only a half of MHRW and USDSG one.2)A second contribution targets the shortages of Independent Cascades (IC) and Linear Threshold (LT) models in characterizing the retweeting process in Microblogs. I achieve this by introducing a Galton Watson with Killing (GWK) model which considers all the three important factors including the ephemerality of information, the topology of network and the features of publisher and retweeters accurately. We have validated the applicability of the of GWK model over two datasets from Sina Weibo and Twitter and showed that GWK model can fit 82% of information receivers and 90% of the maximum numbers of hops in the real retweeting process. Besides, the GWK model is useful for revealing the endogenous and exogenous factors which affect the popularity of tweets.3) Motivated by the correlation between popularity and trendiness of topicsin Microblog and search trends, I have developed an economic analysis of the market involving a third-party ad broker, which is a popular market in current SEM, and finds that the adwords augmenting strategy with the trending and popular topics in Twitter enables the broker to achieve, on average, four folds larger return on investment than with a non-augmented strategy, while still maintaining the same level of risk. ; Les services de microblogging (comme Twitter ou Sina Weibo) sont devenu ces dernières années des plateformes très importantes de partage d'information sur l'Internet. Les microblogs sont fréquemment utilisé pour l'analyse de l'opinion, le marketing viral, et les campagnes politiques. Comprendre les mécanismes sous-jacents de la diffusion d'information sur les microblogs et comment des contenus deviennent populaires est important.L'analyse de la diffusion d'information dans les microblogs nécessite la collecte de donnée des microblogs, la modélisation de la diffusion d'information et l'application des modèles résultants. Traiter les données massives issues des microblogs est un défi en soi. Concevoir des algorithmes efficaces et sans biais afin d'échantillonner les microblogs est ainsi fondamental. Ceci doit prendre en compte la complexité du phénomène de « retweet » qui dépend de la valeur éphémère de l'information, de la topologie du réseau de microblogging et des caractéristiques particulières des éditeurs et retweeteurs.Deux modèles ont été traditionnellement appliqués à la diffusion d'information : les cascades indépendantes et modèle à seuil linéaire. Aucun de ces deux modèles n'est à même de décrire le processus du retweeting de façon correcte. Il devient donc nécessaire de de caractériser la diffusion d'information. De plus, une description complète de la relation entre la diffusion d'information dans les microblogs et de popularité des termes recherchés sur Internet serait utile.Ces travaux de thèse présentent une analyse complète de la diffusion d'information dans les microblogs. Les contributions ce cette thèse sont les suivantes :1) Il y'a deux technique d'échantillonnage sans biais pour les réseaux sociaux : la marche aléatoire de Métropolis-Hastings (MHRW), et la méthode d'échantillonnage sans biais de graphes dirigés (USDSG). Néanmoins ces deux méthodes peuvent aboutit à un taux important d'auto-échantillonnage quand elles sont appliquées à des microblogs. Pour résoudre ce problème, j'ai modélisé l'échantillonnage d'un OSN par un processus de Markov et j'en ai déduit les conditions nécessaires et suffisantes d'un échantillonnage sans biais. Ces conditions m'ont permis de proposer un algorithme d'échantillonnage sans biais et efficace que j'ai nommé : échantillonnage sans biais par liens vide (USDE). Cette nouvelle méthode d'échantillonage réduit fortement l'auto-échantillonnage du MHRW. L 'évaluation empirique montre que la moyenne des dégrées des nœuds échantillonnés est proche de la vérité terrain alors que pour MHRW et USDSG elle est 2 à 4 fois supérieure.2) La seconde contribution de cette thèse vise les lacunes des modèles en cascades indépendantes et de seuils linéaires. J'ai développé un modèle fondé sur les processus de Galton-Watson avec mort (GWK) qui prennent en compte tous les facteurs importants du processus de retweet. Ce nouveau modèle est validé par une application sur des données issues de Twitter et de Weibo.3) La troisième contribution est relative au développement d'un modèle économique du marché des acteurs actifs dans le domaine du marketing sur les mots clés dans les sites de recherches. J'ai développé des méthodes de gestion de portfolios de mots clés et montrés que ces portfolios permettent d'améliorer fortement les rendements sans augmenter le niveau de risque.