The Effect of the Digital Divide on Household Consumption in China
In: International Review of Financial Analysis, Band 87, Heft 102593
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In: International Review of Financial Analysis, Band 87, Heft 102593
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In: International Review of Economics & Finance, Band 89
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In: IREF-D-22-00979
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In: Journal of Applied Econometrics, Forthcoming
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In: Journal of Empirical Finance, Band 72, Heft 232-250
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Working paper
In: International Review of Economics & Finance, Band 85
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Working paper
In: IREF-D-22-00249
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In: CEJ-D-22-03153
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The donor/acceptor weight ratio is crucial for photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, we systematically investigate the photovoltaic behaviors of PM6:Y6 solar cells with different stoichiometries. It is found that the photovoltaic performance is tolerant to PM6 contents ranging from 10 to 60 wt %. Especially an impressive efficiency over 10% has been achieved in dilute donor solar cells with 10 wt % PM6 enabled by efficient charge generation, electron/ hole transport, slow charge recombination, and field-insensitive extraction. This raises the question about the origin of efficient hole transport in such dilute donor structure. By investigating hole mobilities of PM6 diluted in Y6 and insulators, we find that effective hole transport pathway is mainly through PM6 phase in PM6:Y6 blends despite with low PM6 content. The results indicate that a low fraction of polymer donors combines with near-infrared nonfullerene acceptors could achieve high photovoltaic performance, which might be a candidate for semitransparent windows. ; Funding Agencies|Knut and Alice Wallenberg FoundationKnut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation [2016.0059]; Swedish Government Research Area in Materials Science on Functional Materials at Linkoping University (Faculty Grant SFO-Mat-LiU) [200900971]; China Scholarship Council (CSC)China Scholarship Council [201708370115]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21875012, 21674006]; National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0207700]
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