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The article examines the national-cultural semantics of 'You Shan'
(৻ழ) in Chinese from the perspective of linguoculturology reflected in etymology,
dictionary and periodicals. Authoritative Chinese dictionaries and the main corpora of the Chinese language (the Chinese language corpus of the State Commission
on Language and Writing, the BCC corpus, the National press index database) served
as the research material.
The analysis made it possible to conclude that 'You Shan' is a traditional virtue
and one of the main socialist values in China. It has rich semantics including such
elements as friendship, mutual assistance, auspiciousness, sincerity, etc. The semantic realm of 'You Shan' is continuously expanding, from the most elementary relations
between people to relations between nations and countries. The subject of 'You Shan'
can be people and animals, and the applicable objects can be animals, the environment, and even things.
'You Shan' plays a positive role in the formation of national or personal image,
and promotes close interpersonal relationships and social harmony. However, according to the principle of the 'golden mean' in ancient Chinese philosophy, to be
too friendly is not advocated. Sometimes, 'You Shan' is regarded as a disguise for
dominance and personal goals, which is negatively evaluated since sincerity is included in its original meaning.

China's New-type Urbanisation Plan heralded a new phase of reform of the household registration (hukou) system and initiated a nation-wide reconfiguration of hukou policy in Chinese cities. This study reveals that the former localisation of hukou policymaking has been brought to greater uniformity under the current central guidelines. The liberalisation of hukou conversion has been expanded to many large cities that previously employed selective migrant integration policies. Mega-cities have recalibrated the selection criteria for new citizens, elevating the importance of settlement duration and moderating the importance of educational and professional qualifications. Case studies in Guangdong further reveal the dynamic interactions among different levels of government in the course of reform. Local policy experimentations set important precedents for central policymaking, and the central guidelines are enforcing new adjustments in local implementation. The provincial government plays a prominent role in coordinating top-down directives and local conditions. (JCCA/GIGA)

This study investigated the spatial distribution of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and arsenic (As) in roadside topsoil in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and evaluated the potential environmental risks of these roadside heavy metals due to traffic emissions. A total of 120 topsoil samples were collected along five road segments in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The nonlinear regression method was used to formulize the relationship between the metal concentrations in roadside soils and roadside distance. The Hakanson potential ecological risk index method was applied to assess the degrees of heavy metal contaminations. The regression results showed that both of the heavy metals' concentrations and their ecological risk indices decreased exponentially with the increase of roadside distance. The large R square values of the regression models indicate that the exponential regression method can suitably describe the relationship between heavy metal accumulation and roadside distance. For the entire study region, there was a moderate level of potential ecological risk within a 10 m roadside distance. However, Cd was the only prominent heavy metal which posed potential hazard to the local soil ecosystem. Overall, the rank of risk contribution to the local environments among the eight heavy metals was Cd > As > Ni > Pb > Cu > Co > Zn > Cr. Considering that Cd is a more hazardous heavy metal than other elements for public health, the local government should pay special attention to this traffic-related environmental issue.

Culture is the core element of soft power, and it is also closely related to the construction of new rural areas. To achieve the overall goal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the developing of country is not only the key point but also the difficult one. In this article, the authors firstly do a brief overview of the concept and meaning of soft power, and then show the importance and necessity of the cultural soft power to make a new sustainable development of country. But today the construction of rural cultural soft power is not optimistic, and the four key problems are as follows: the public cultural projects can not meet the demands of new rural construction, and the government show less attention to the cultural construction of rural areas .Besides, the defective management of rural culture and the insufficient quality of the peasants do exist in rural areas .Therefore, addressed the above issues, authors put forward several suggestions. At first, build and improve the new rural cultural soft power system. Furthermore, make the grassroots government work in the construction of cultural soft power. What's more, increase the cultural resources and enhance the services of rural public culture. Finally, improve the overall quality of the peasants and cultivate new peasants.Key Words: New rural construction; Cultural soft power; Rural cultural construction.Résumé: La culture est l'élément central de la puissance douce, et de la culture et le développement rural sont étroitement liés atteindre l'objectif global du socialisme aux caractéristiques chinoises, en mettant l'accent sur les zones rurales, les zones rurales est également difficile dans le présent document, le concept. de la puissance douce et pour un bref aperçu du contenu, l'analyse de la puissance culturelle douce de la nouvelle importance du développement durable dans les zones rurales et la nécessité. Mais aujourd'hui, la construction des régions rurales du soft power culturel n'est pas optimiste, il ya un manque de public rural projets culturels ne peuvent pas répondre aux exigences strictes de la construction rurale nouvelle, la construction culturelle des cadres de base en milieu rural à l'attention et le niveau de sensibilisation ne suffit pas, la gestion de la culture en milieu rural doit être renforcée, la qualité globale en milieu rural la science retard scolaire, l'agriculteur n'est pas élevés quatre questions, afin d'aborder les questions ci-dessus pour construire et améliorer la nouvelle rurale système culturel soft power, à renforcer la capacité des ruraux aux services publics culturels, de changer leur façon de penser, faire jouer pleinement la population rurale du gouvernement local qui est de nourrir douce culturelle la construction de centrales de l'ordinaire, d'augmenter les ressources culturelles de la puissance douce pour les zones rurales de la force, d'accélérer la promotion des aspects culturels de la consommation rurale, améliorer la qualité globale des agriculteurs, la formation des nouveaux agriculteurs un total de quatre propositions visant à promouvoir vigoureusement la construction de la culture rurale et la puissance douce.Mots-clés: Nouvelle construction en milieu rural; Culturel de la puissance; la Construction culturelle en milieu rural.

Machine generated contents note: -- Acknowledgements -- Note on Editions, Commentaries, and Translation -- Chronology of Chinese Dynasties -- Essential Classic Chinese Terms with Corresponding English Translation -- Introduction: Uncovering the Confucian Four Books for Women: Why Nü sishu? Why Now? -- I. The Han Women: Ban Zhao and the Lessons for Women (c. 45-117) -- Introduction -- Wang Xiang's Biographic Introduction of Ban Zhao -- Original Preface to This Work by Ban Zhao -- Chapter 1 The Lowly and the Weak -- Chapter 2 Husband and Wife -- Chapter 3 Respect and Compliance -- Chapter 4 Women's Conduct -- Chapter 5 One-Mindedness -- Chapter 6 Conceding Obedience -- Chapter 7 Harmony with Younger Brothers-and-Sisters-in-Law -- II. The Tang Women: The Song Sisters and the Analects for Women (?-820/825) -- Introduction -- Wang Xiang's Biographic Introduction of the Song Sisters -- Original Preface to This Work by the Song Sisters -- Chapter 1 Establishing One's Person -- Chapter 2 Learning the Work -- Chapter 3 Learning the Rituals -- Chapter 4 Rising Early -- Chapter 5 Serving One's Parents -- Chapter 6 Serving Parents-in-Law -- Chapter 7 Serving One's Husband -- Chapter 8 Instructing Boys and Girls -- Chapter 9 Managing the Household -- Chapter 10 Hosting Guests -- Chapter 11 Harmony and Gentleness -- Chapter 12 Guarding One's Integrity -- III. The Ming Imperial Women: Empresses Renxiaowen and the Teachings for the Inner Court (1361-1407) -- Introduction -- Wang Xiang's Biographic Introduction of Empress Renxiaowen -- Original Preface to this Work by Empress Renxiaowen -- Chapter 1 Virtuous Nature -- Chapter 2 Self-Cultivation -- Chapter 3 Prudent Speech -- Chapter 4 Careful Conduct -- Chapter 5 Diligence -- Chapter 6 Frugality -- Chapter 7 Watchfulness -- Chapter 8 Accumulating Good Deeds -- Chapter 9 Becoming Good -- Chapter 10 Revering Sagely Teachings -- Chapter 11 Admiring Wise Role Models -- Chapter 12 Serving One's Parents -- Chapter 13 Serving One's Ruler -- Chapter 14 On Serving Parents-in-Law -- Chapter 15 Performing Religious Rites -- Chapter 16 Model Motherhood -- Chapter 17 Friendly Relationship with Family Clans -- Chapter 18 Benevolent Love for the Young -- Chapter 19 Treating Imperial Concubines -- Chapter 20 Treating Imperial Consorts' Maternal Relatives -- IV. The Ming Women: Madame Liu and the Short Records of Models for Women (c. 16th century) -- Introduction -- Wang Xiang's Biographic Introduction of His Mother, Madame Liu -- Chapter 1 Unifying Thesis -- Chapter 2 Queenly Virtues -- Chapter 3 Model Motherhood -- Chapter 4 Filial Conduct -- Chapter 5 Chastity and Ardency -- Chapter 6 Loyalty and Righteousness -- Chapter 7 Benevolent Love -- Chapter 8 Upholding Ritual Propriety -- Chapter 9 Wisdom -- Chapter 10 Diligence and Frugality -- Chapter 11 Talent and Virtue -- Appendix: Liu Xiang's Biographies of Women vis-à-vis Wang Xiang's Four Books for Women: Comparative Timelines and Categories of Women's Virtue -- Bibliography -- Index