Suchergebnisse

The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the significance of the activity run by philanthropic organizations in Poland for the benefit of society and the economy in the light of the social welfare of governmental organizations. Verification of hypotheses was conducted using different research methods: regression analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, trend analysis, and comparative analysis. The results did not demonstrate a significant relationship between local governments' expenditures on grants for philanthropic organizations fulfilling tasks on social welfare and local GDP. Despite the fact that the level of expenditure of public entities on social welfare goes up with the growth of the number of PBOs, as do their costs and revenues, the figures do not depend on each other.

The article aims to answer the questions of whether public intervention in the form of financial aid for guarantee funds is necessary. This study examines the consequences of the financial aid for guarantee funds in Poland at the beginning of the 2014-2020 EU budget in the light of state intervention theory. We investigate three possible effects for organizations providing guarantees for SMEs: changes in output (the value and number of guarantees), changes in the transaction scale (average guarantee) and changes in efficiency. We use a panel regression analysis to verify the existence of such effects. The results show that grants lead neither to an increase in output (the number of guarantees or the total value of guarantees) nor to the improvement of multiplier or default ratios. We observe the positive impact of grants on the transaction scale and cost efficiency. We continue the discussion on the justification of state intervention in the market and the consequences of the public aid. The research shows that state intervention through public support for guarantee schemes has both advantages and disadvantages. In order to enhance the efficiency of the guarantee schemes, government intervention on behalf of private investors should be limited. Our research has some limitations. The sample does not cover all the functioning guarantee funds, as there were financial statements that were not available and our study does not concern the whole EU budget period (2014-2020). The consequences of public financial aid for organizations providing guarantees for SMEs are rarely studied, therefore, the paper fills the research gap on the influence of public aid on guarantee funds functioning in European Union countries.

This study is aimed at determining how the financial data of public benefit organizations (PBOs) affects donations received by them and if the donors use financial and non-financial information in order to donate. In order to achieve our aim we used different methods of research: quantitative research (econometric model and survey) and qualitative research (laboratory test). The research allowed us to draw the conclusion that Polish donors make very limited use of PBOs' financial statements in the donation process and that non-financial information plays greater role for donors in making decisions to give charitable donations. The most important information is the organization's goals and descriptions of its projects. At the same time, many donors stated that they donated under the influence of people they knew. This article fits into the scope of world research on PBOs and uses the concept of civil society. ; Organizacje pożytku publicznego (OPP) realizują cele głównie niefinansowe, społecznie użyteczne, służące dobru jednostki lub dobru publicznemu. Wyniki finansowe OPP w Polsce pokazują znaczącą nierówność osiąganych przychodów, co oznacza, że darczyńcy stosują określone kryteria w podejmowaniu decyzji, której organizacji dobroczynnej udzielić wsparcia finansowego. Celem badania jest określenie czynników o charakterze finansowym i niefinansowym wpływających na wybór przez darczyńców indywidualnych określonej organizacji nonprofit, którą wesprą finansowo. Metodą badawczą stosowaną dla realizacji postawionych celów jest model ekonometryczny, ankieta oraz eksperyment laboratoryjny. Przeprowadzone badania potwierdziły, że indywidualni darczyńcy w Polsce w niewielkim stopniu wykorzystują sprawozdania OPP. Przyczyną takiego stanu jest m.in. zbyt duża zawartość informacji w sprawozdaniach i/lub niewiedza darczyńców o miejscu publikacji tych sprawozdań. Z drugiej jednak strony duża część uczestników badania wykazała zainteresowanie danymi finansowymi i wynikami niefinansowymi OPP w celu podjęcia decyzji.

This study is aimed at determining how the financial data of public benefit organizations (PBOs) affects donations received by them and if the donors use financial and non-financial information in order to donate. In order to achieve our aim we used different methods of research: quantitative research (econometric model and survey) and qualitative research (laboratory test). The research allowed us to draw the conclusion that Polish donors make very limited use of PBOs' financial statements in the donation process and that non-financial information plays greater role for donors in making decisions to give charitable donations. The most important information is the organization's goals and descriptions of its projects. At the same time, many donors stated that they donated under the influence of people they knew. This article fits into the scope of world research on PBOs and uses the concept of civil society.

The aim of this article is to examine whether the financial information predominant in the statements drawn up for donors by Public Benefit Organisations (PBO) are used by the former when choosing the organisation to transfer 1% of their income tax too. The objective is implemented by conducting a survey among individual donors in Poland. The obtained results show that donors take the decision to support a given organisation with 1% of their income tax to little extent relying on financial information. However, one of the greatest limitation of the study was the structure of the sample that consisted of only 236 persons. The results of studies can help the legislator to develop reporting standards for PBOs and can help PBOs to create achievement measurement systems. The research is trying to identify the information and financial indicators that would be understandable to the majority of Polish taxpayers and whose publication would make it possible to compare those organisations with each other. It is important because, in majority of post-communist countries, there are currently no clearly defined rules and indicators according to which one could evaluate PBOs.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ss.90.4.14261

The debate on cohesion policy has recently intensified due to the increasing tensions within the EU and requires constant inputs with regards to various instruments which are applied. In Poland, a unique mechanism for guarantee distribution was adopted – the guarantees are mainly distributed through NGOs (nonbanking organisations granting guarantees – NOGG).
Thus, the article aims to investigate the relationship between the level of regional development, the experience of nonbanking organisations granting guarantees and their performance which leads to observations and recommendations with regards to the functioning and assessment of guarantees as cohesion policy instruments. We have used panel regression for 156 observations covering 26 NOGG in Poland.
The results confirm that there exist positive associations between the level of regional development, NOGG size (measured with guarantee capital) and experience and some financial performance measures. We posit, that a prerequisite for the high performance of these organisations is to ensure that they have an adequate level of guarantee capital and experience. We call for future EU-wide comparative research allowing deeper understanding of various guarantee distribution mechanisms performance.

The debate on cohesion policy has recently intensified due to the increasing tensions within the EU and requires constant inputs with regards to various instruments which are applied. In Poland, a unique mechanism for guarantee distribution was adopted – the guarantees are mainly distributed through NGOs (nonbanking organisations granting guarantees – NOGG). Thus, the article aims to investigate the relationship between the level of regional development, the experience of nonbanking organisations granting guarantees and their performance which leads to observations and recommendations with regards to the functioning and assessment of guarantees as cohesion policy instruments. We have used panel regression for 156 observations covering 26 NOGG in Poland. The results confirm that there exist positive associations between the level of regional development, NOGG size (measured with guarantee capital) and experience and some financial performance measures. We posit, that a prerequisite for the high performance of these organisations is to ensure that they have an adequate level of guarantee capital and experience. We call for future EU-wide comparative research allowing deeper understanding of various guarantee distribution mechanisms performance. ; El debate sobre la política de cohesión se ha intensificado recientemente debido a las crecientes tensiones en el seno de la UE y requiere constantes aportaciones en relación con los distintos instrumentos que se aplican. En Polonia, se adoptó un mecanismo único para la distribución de garantías: las garantías se distribuyen principalmente a través de las ONG (organizaciones no bancarias que conceden garantías - NOGG). Así pues, el artículo pretende investigar la relación entre el nivel de desarrollo regional, la experiencia de las organizaciones no bancarias que conceden garantías y su rendimiento, lo que da lugar a observaciones y recomendaciones con respecto al funcionamiento y la evaluación de las garantías como instrumentos de la política de cohesión. Hemos utilizado ...

Purpose: The paper aims to find a link between the level of NGO accountability and the social trust for non-governmental organisations (NGOs). We will investigate if the accounting regulations and transparency rules for NGOs in particular countries influence the social trust for NGOs. We will follow the process of the creation of accounting law for NGOs in three CEE countries: Lithuania – one of the Baltic states, which is in last place in the World Giving Index ranking, and Poland, and Croatia – the two best post-communist countries in the World Giving Index ranking. We will analyse the change in social trust in these countries in line with the development of legal and accounting rules and norms for NGOs. Methodology/approach: The design and methodology approach includes a literature review and comparative analysis. We supported our findings with panel regression analysis. Research limitations include the selection of only a few countries for the analysis and only nine years of observation per country. Findings: The results of our research indicate that accounting regulations are of marginal importance for social trust. We conclude that accountability alone does not solve the social trust problems faced by non- -profit organisations. Other factors affect social trust, such as lack of institutional mechanisms, lack of anempathic society, and negative media coverage. Originality/value: The originality and value of this paper lie in the fact that we explain how NGOs' accountability and revenues influence social trust in NGOs.Furthermore, we refer to CEE countries where – due to their historical heritage – both social trust and transparency were deeply affected.

Purpose: The paper aims to find a link between the level of NGO accountability and the social trust for non-governmental organisations (NGOs). We will investigate if the accounting regulations and transparency rules for NGOs in particular countries influence the social trust for NGOs. We will follow the process of the creation of accounting law for NGOs in three CEE countries: Lithuania – one of the Baltic states, which is in last place in the World Giving Index ranking, and Poland, and Croatia – the two best post-communist countries in the World Giving Index ranking. We will analyse the change in social trust in these countries in line with the development of legal and accounting rules and norms for NGOs. Methodology/approach: The design and methodology approach includes a literature review and comparative analysis. We supported our findings with panel regression analysis. Research limitations include the selection of only a few countries for the analysis and only nine years of observation per country. Findings: The results of our research indicate that accounting regulations are of marginal importance for social trust. We conclude that accountability alone does not solve the social trust problems faced by non- -profit organisations. Other factors affect social trust, such as lack of institutional mechanisms, lack of anempathic society, and negative media coverage. Originality/value: The originality and value of this paper lie in the fact that we explain how NGOs' accountability and revenues influence social trust in NGOs.Furthermore, we refer to CEE countries where – due to their historical heritage – both social trust and transparency were deeply affected.

Purpose: The paper aims to find a link between the level of NGO accountability and the social trust for non-governmental organisations (NGOs). We will investigate if the accounting regulations and transparency rules for NGOs in particular countries influence the social trust for NGOs. We will follow the process of the creation of accounting law for NGOs in three CEE countries: Lithuania – one of the Baltic states, which is in last place in the World Giving Index ranking, and Poland, and Croatia – the two best post-communist countries in the World Giving Index ranking. We will analyse the change in social trust in these countries in line with the development of legal and accounting rules and norms for NGOs. Methodology/approach: The design and methodology approach includes a literature review and comparative analysis. We supported our findings with panel regression analysis. Research limitations include the selection of only a few countries for the analysis and only nine years of observation per country. Findings: The results of our research indicate that accounting regulations are of marginal importance for social trust. We conclude that accountability alone does not solve the social trust problems faced by non- -profit organisations. Other factors affect social trust, such as lack of institutional mechanisms, lack of anempathic society, and negative media coverage. Originality/value: The originality and value of this paper lie in the fact that we explain how NGOs' accountability and revenues influence social trust in NGOs.Furthermore, we refer to CEE countries where – due to their historical heritage – both social trust and transparency were deeply affected.

The monograph is scientifically valuable, innovative and brings the high potential for application. The discussed topics are up to date and significant for both theory and economic practice. The literature review presented herein is of high academic quality, as is the rich empirical part which covers the stages of development of loan and guarantee funds, provides a comparison of their functioning in different countries and analyses their financial standing in the context of regional development. The monograph may be addressed to representatives of the economic practice as well as academics, in particular those specialising in public finance, local government finance, accounting and management of corporate finance. All in all, it is a valuable publication, not only on the Polish publishing market. ; The book is financed by the National Science Centre in Poland and is part of a project entitled "Financing the development of loan and guarantee funds" – grant number 2016/23/B/HS4/00348

The purpose of the paper is to describe the process of creating institutional settings in three post-communist countries and analyze the change of the social trust in these countries in line with the development of legal and accounting rules and norms for NGOs. The design and methodology include a literature analysis and the inductive method to analyze historical data for each country. The countries that were selected for the research are Lithuania – one of the Baltic states, which is in the last place in the World Giving Index (WGI) ranking, Poland with the average result in WGI ranking, and Croatia – the best post-communist country in the WGI ranking. Research limitations include the use of the descriptive method and the small number of countries included in the analysis. The originality and value of this paper lie in the fact that the problem of low social trust in NGOs in post-communist countries is analyzed by linking it with the development of NGO accountability and civil control over them. ; Celem artykułu jest analiza procesu tworzenia otoczenia instytucjonalnego sektora organizacji pozarządowych w trzech wybranych krajach postkomunistycznych oraz analiza zmian zaufania społecznego w tych krajach w odniesienu do zmian norm prawnych i rachunkowości dla organizacji pozarządowych. Metodologia badań obejmuje analizę literatury i indukcyjną metodę analizy danych historycznych dla wybranych krajów postkomunistycznych. Do badań wybrano trzy kraje postkomunistyczne: Litwę – jeden z krajów bałtyckich, zajmujący ostatnie miejsce w rankingu World Giving Index, Polskę i Chorwację – dwa najlepsze kraje postkomunistyczne w rankingu World Giving Index. Ograniczenia badawcze wynikają z zastosowania metody opisowej i niewielkiej liczby krajów objętych analizą. Oryginalność i wartość niniejszego opracowania polega analizie problemu niskiego zaufania społecznego do organizacji pozarządowych w krajach postkomunistycznych w kontekście rozwoju otoczenia instytucjonalnego organizacji pozarządowych oraz wzrostu ich rozliczalności i cywilnej kontroli nad nimi.

The purpose of the paper is to describe the process of creating institutional settings in three post-communist countries and analyze the change of the social trust in these countries in line with the development of legal and accounting rules and norms for NGOs. The design and methodology include a literature analysis and the inductive method to analyze historical data for each country. The countries that were selected for the research are Lithuania – one of the Baltic states, which is in the last place in the World Giving Index (WGI) ranking, Poland with the average result in WGI ranking, and Croatia – the best post-communist country in the WGI ranking. Research limitations include the use of the descriptive method and the small number of countries included in the analysis. The originality and value of this paper lie in the fact that the problem of low social trust in NGOs in post-communist countries is analyzed by linking it with the development of NGO accountability and civil control over them.