Suchergebnisse

An assessment of EU communications policy judged against democratic and normative criteria within the framework of the question of the need for a European-wide public sphere. It argues that the EU should proceed through the mass media, with a policy based on a public service philosophy.

Antiretroviral medications are known inhibitors and inducers of cytochrome p450 enzymes and can affect levels of non‐HIV medications. Finasteride 1 mg (Propecia), which prevents the conversion of testosterone (T) to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is commonly prescribed for prevention of hair loss. This medication is a substrate of p450 3A4. Its efficacy may therefore be affected by HIV medications which induce or inhibit this enzyme. Levels of DHT to prevent hair loss are not well established, but likely need to be<15–20 ng/dl, or a DHT/T ratio of<0.02. Observational analysis in a private practice, measuring DHT and T levels in patients on finasteride and various antiretrovirals 21 patients were identified. 7 patients were taking protease inhibitors and had DHT levels<12 ng/dL; DHT/T<0.20. Three of these patients decreased their finasteride dose to 1 mg every‐other‐day and still have DHT <10. 8 patients were taking potent p450 inducers (efavirenz or etravirine) and had DHT levels between >20; DHT/T>0.025. Two of these patients increased the dose of finasteride to 2 mg/day and subsequently decreased DHT to 14 and 17. Two additional patients on efavirenz, however, had DHT levels of<15 without dose adjustment. Four patients taking nevirapine, a less potent inducer of p450 had DHT levels of<15, as did one patient on raltegravir, which does not affect CYP450. Antiretrovirals that affect CYP 3A4 may interact with finasteride. While it is unlikely that this interaction is dangerous, it may affect its efficacy of the finasteride. Evaluation of DHT/T levels, and/or dose adjustment of finasteride may be appropriate in men being treated for HIV.

THIS PAPER DISCUSSES THE BURDEN OF KIN CARE BY OUTLINING THE SIZE OF THE CHRONICALLY ILL POPOULATION AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PEOPLE WHO PROVIDE CARE. IT SHOWS HOW GENDER-BIAS IN LONG-TERM CARE IS REFLECTED IN OTHER POLICY ARENAS AS WELL. IT NOTES THAT EVEN THE MOST PROGRESSIVE LONG TERM CARE PLAN TO DATE ASSUMES A POOL OF WOMEN TO PROVIDE LOW-WAGE CAREGIVING AND AN EVEN LARGER POOL OF WOMEN TO PROVIDE UNPAID CARE. FINALLY, IT SPECULATES ON THE POTENTIAL FOR CHANGE.

THIS ARTICLE EXAMINES THE GENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF RACIAL ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS. THE STUDY IS BASED ON IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWS WITH THE ADULT CHILDREN OF THE MEN FIRST INTERVIEWED BY ROBERT E. LANE FOR POLITICAL IDEOLOGY (1962). WHILE LITTLE EVIDENCE POINTED TO THE DIRECT IMPRINTING OF SPECIFIC RACIAL BELIEFS ON THE COGNITIVE LEVEL, THERE DID SEEM TO BE A TRANSFER OF UNDERLYING ATTITUDES ON THE AFFECTIVE LEVEL. IT IS ARGUED THAT THE FAMILIAL ATMOSPHERE PRODUCED A RESERVIOR OF RACISM BENEATH THE SURFACE OF OTHERWISE TOLERANT BELIEFS.