Suchergebnisse

Background: Anemia in Indonesia is mostly caused by micronutrient deficiency such as iron. Although much have been done to address anemia in the community, the problem remains. As health is not solely government's responsibility, community participation should be seen as an alternative effective approach. Objective: The influence of women's organizations to community participation and their self-sustenance in anemia prevention and control was examined. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest and post-test control group design involving 30 women in reproductive-age who were selected through a multi-stage random sampling method; and 20 health providers, of whom were members of Dasa Wisma, posyandu cadres, PKK, and Karang Taruna. At the intervention group, women's organization in anemia prevention and control was enabled in order to increase community participation. Hemoglobin level was measured as the outcome of the intervention program. Results: By empowering women's organization, participation level of community members in the intervention group significantly increased, shown by family's willingness to provide and consume iron-sufficient foods in their daily diets. As an outcome, hemoglobin level of reproductive-aged women at the intervention group slightly raised from its initial level, whilst the level in the control group was relatively stagnant. Conclusion: Involving the community member has been proven as an effective approach in anemia prevention and control. Given that women's social movement are existed in many settings, therefore, empowering such organization as a manifestation of community participation can be applied in other setting, and also for other health program.

AbstrakFaktor internal komunitas yang berperan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan adalah kepemimpinan dan modal sosial, sedangkan faktor eksternal komunitas yang berperan adalah akses informasi kesehatan, petugas dan fasilitator kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui dan menganalisis peran kepemimpinan, modal sosial, akses informasi kesehatan, petugas, dan fasilitator kesehatan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif melalui metode studi kasus terpancang. Penelitian dilakukan selama tiga bulan di Kabupaten Tulungagung, Jawa Timur dengan mengambil dua desa, yaitu Desa Bulus di Kecamatan Bandung dan Desa Tanggul Kundung di Kecamatan Besuki tahun 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran kepemimpinan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan pada program Desa Siaga adalah menyebarluaskan informasi, memberikan contoh, menyadarkan, memotivasi, membimbing, menggerakkan sasaran dan masyarakat, memfasilitasi dan mengalokasikan sumber daya. Peran modal sosial adalah saling percaya, kekerabatan, pertemanan, pertetanggaan, norma sosial, tolong menolong, kerjasama, dan jaringan masyarakat. Peran akses informasi kesehatan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kesehatan, mengambil keputusan, dan meminta pelayanan kesehatan. Peran petugas kesehatan adalah sosialisasi, memberikan petunjuk, melatih, membina, memfasilitasi, menumbuhkembangkan partisipasi, serta memantau dan mengevaluasi program. Sedangkan peran fasilitator kesehatan adalah sosialisasi, memotivasi, memengaruhi pengambilan keputusan, memediasi masyarakat dan pemerintah, memfasilitasi dan menumbuhkembangkanpartisipasi. AbstractThe internal factors of community contributing to public empowerment in health sector were leadership and social capital, meanwhile the external factors included health information access, health duty and facilitator. This study aimed to determine and analyze the roles of leadership, social capital, information access, and health duty and facilitator within public empowerment in health sector. The study design was cross sectional with qualitative study approach through embeded case study method. The study was conducted in Tulungagung District, East Java by taking two villages namely Bulus Village at Bandung Subdistrict and Tanggul Kundung Village at Besuki Subdistrict in 2013. The result showed the roles of leadership and public empowerment in health sector in Alert Village program were spreading information, giving examples, awakening, motivating, educating, moving targets and the public, facilitating and allocating resources. The roles of social capital were mutual trust, kinship, friendship, neighborhood, social norms, mutual help and public network. The roles of health information access were improving health knowledge and skill, making decision and asking for health services. The roles of health duty were socialization, giving instructions, training, building, facilitating, developing participation as well as monitoring and evaluating the program. Meanwhile, the roles of health facilitators were socialization, motivating, influencing decision making, mediating public and government, facilitating and developing participation.