Suchergebnisse

Rola miast w stosunkach międzynarodowych systematycznie wzrasta. Wiele współczesnych inicjatyw globalnych z zakresu ochrony środowiska, walki z nierównościami społecznymi czy nielegalną imigracją bierze swój początek w aktywności zagranicznej samorządów. Coraz chętniej też miasta budują swój międzynarodowy potencjał poprzez tzw. dyplomację pamięci. Przeszłość, a w zasadzie odgórnie usankcjonowana forma jej upamiętnienia lub zapomnienia, staje się bowiem jedną z nadrzędnych kategorii polityki zagranicznej. Wykorzystując różne narzędzia realizowania polityki historycznej, jak np. zagospodarowanie przestrzeni publicznej czy wspieranie działalności instytucji pamięci, samorządy tworzą pożądany wizerunek na arenie międzynarodowej, a w konsekwencji wzmacniają własny potencjał gospodarczy i polityczny.

This article introduces the concept of transculturation of collective memory and the politics of memory in the Polish-German borderland. The role of the 1990 German reunification in that process is studied using the example of the Lubusz region. Reunification made it possible for cooperation between local governments, associations and individuals, which – consequently – led to the creation of a new, trans-border collective memory.

The 2015 refugee crisis – as the mass influx of migrants from the Middle East is commonly dubbed – tested the European Union's ability to react to large-scale humanitarian emergencies. Apart from various organizational, social and political changes that the 2015 refugee crisis has brought to the European Union, it has also marked the growing role of information and communication technology (ICT) in the EU's asylum and migration policies. Drawing from the critical perspective of international relations and such concepts as securitization of migration, the paper aims to analyse the engagement of ICT by EU institutions and individual Member States during the refugee crisis in 2015.

Hate speech has become a key element of contemporary political discourse. It has also changed the very structure of communication. With the access to public sphere provided by social media, hate speech engages people in connective action, which allows it to construct and deconstruct collective identity. By doing this, hate speech undermines the idea of multicultural society. In order to succeed, such a society needs to engage its members in inclusive intercultural dialogue while hate speech strongly excludes all dissident voices, deepening political polarisation. This article presents an extensive analysis of hate speech from the perspective of intercultural communication. Drawing from available research and literature, the author puts forward the thesis that hate speech is a communicative phenomenon that not only disrupts intercultural dialogue, but also leads to the disintegration of multicultural society.

The media have become the main platform for intercultural communication. If the media are able to shape and frame the process of intercultural communication, what does it mean to minorities? One way for them to gain equal status in intercultural communication is producing their own media. However, entering public sphere without the intermediacy of mainstream media often fails, since minorities' media are not only unable to reach broad public, but they also reproduce the economic, political and social status quo, much like mainstream media. I argue that the solution to the restricted and unequal access of minorities to public sphere, and as such to intercultural communication, is provided by radical media. Therefore I propose a model of intercultural public sphere comprised of minorities' own media, radical media and mainstream media. In this model radical media occupy the center place, acting as an intermediary between the former and the latter.

This article presents an analysis of the process of sacralization of history in the media discourse. Certain events and figures from the past are incorporated into the sphere of sacrum which excludes any discussion and maintains the domination of one narration of history. The process of sacralization may take places directly or indirectly. The first relies on direct inclusion to the discourse of certain words, which are associated with religion. The indirect sacralization takes place when episodes from the past are changed into universal stories of fight between the good and the evil. The analysis is performed on printed media discourses concerning three events from Poland's contemporary history: the 1920 Warsaw Battle of Warsaw, the 1944 Warsaw Uprising and the postwar armed underground.